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@ARTICLE{Minoshima:916863,
      author       = {Minoshima, Satoshi and Cross, Donna and Thientunyakit,
                      Tanyaluck and Foster, Norman L. and Drzezga, Alexander},
      title        = {18 {F}-{FDG} {PET} {I}maging in {N}eurodegenerative
                      {D}ementing {D}isorders: {I}nsights into {S}ubtype
                      {C}lassification, {E}merging {D}isease {C}ategories, and
                      {M}ixed {D}ementia with {C}opathologies},
      journal      = {Journal of nuclear medicine},
      volume       = {63},
      number       = {Supplement 1},
      issn         = {0097-9058},
      address      = {New York, NY},
      publisher    = {Soc.},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2023-00155},
      pages        = {2S - 12S},
      year         = {2022},
      abstract     = {Since the invention of 18F-FDG as a neurochemical tracer in
                      the 1970s, 18F-FDG PET has been used extensively for
                      dementia research and clinical applications. FDG, a glucose
                      analog, is transported into the brain via glucose
                      transporters and metabolized in a concerted process
                      involving astrocytes and neurons. Although the exact
                      cellular mechanisms of glucose consumption are still under
                      investigation, 18F-FDG PET can sensitively detect altered
                      neuronal activity due to neurodegeneration. Various
                      neurodegenerative disorders affect different areas of the
                      brain, which can be depicted as altered 18F-FDG uptake by
                      PET. The spatial patterns and severity of such changes can
                      be reproducibly visualized by statistical mapping
                      technology, which has become widely available in the clinic.
                      The differentiation of 3 major neurodegenerative disorders
                      by 18F-FDG PET, Alzheimer disease (AD), frontotemporal
                      dementia (FTD), and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), has
                      become standard practice. As the nosology of FTD evolves,
                      frontotemporal lobar degeneration, the umbrella term for
                      pathology affecting the frontal and temporal lobes, has been
                      subclassified clinically into behavioral variant FTD;
                      primary progressive aphasia with 3 subtypes, semantic,
                      nonfluent, and logopenic variants; and movement disorders
                      including progressive supranuclear palsy and corticobasal
                      degeneration. Each of these subtypes is associated with
                      differential 18F-FDG PET findings. The discovery of new
                      pathologic markers and clinicopathologic correlations via
                      larger autopsy series have led to newly recognized or
                      redefined disease categories, such as limbic-predominant
                      age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy, hippocampus sclerosis,
                      primary age-related tauopathy, and argyrophilic grain
                      disease, which have become a focus of investigations by
                      molecular imaging. These findings need to be integrated into
                      the modern interpretation of 18F-FDG PET. Recent pathologic
                      investigations also have revealed a high prevalence,
                      particularly in the elderly, of mixed dementia with
                      overlapping and coexisting pathologies. The interpretation
                      of 18F-FDG PET is evolving from a traditional dichotomous
                      diagnosis of AD versus FTD (or DLB) to a determination of
                      the most predominant underlying pathology that would best
                      explain the patient's symptoms, for the purpose of care
                      guidance. 18F-FDG PET is a relatively low cost and widely
                      available imaging modality that can help assess various
                      neurodegenerative disorders in a single test and remains the
                      workhorse in clinical dementia evaluation.},
      cin          = {INM-2},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-2-20090406},
      pnm          = {5253 - Neuroimaging (POF4-525)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5253},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {35649653},
      UT           = {WOS:000807305900002},
      doi          = {10.2967/jnumed.121.263194},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/916863},
}