% IMPORTANT: The following is UTF-8 encoded.  This means that in the presence
% of non-ASCII characters, it will not work with BibTeX 0.99 or older.
% Instead, you should use an up-to-date BibTeX implementation like “bibtex8” or
% “biber”.

@INPROCEEDINGS{Dombrowski:917309,
      author       = {Dombrowski, Olga and Brogi, Cosimo and Hendricks-Franssen,
                      Harrie-Jan and Zanotelli, Damiano and Bogena, Heye},
      title        = {{I}ntroducing {CLM}-{F}ruit{T}ree to model carbon
                      allocation in fruit orchards with the {C}ommunity {L}and
                      {M}odel},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2023-00537},
      year         = {2022},
      abstract     = {Carbon allocation is a major driver of plant growth and
                      plays a key role in shaping ecosystem processes and the
                      global carbon (C) cycle. In contrast to annual crops, fruit
                      trees store and remobilize C in their perennial plant
                      components, have long canopy durations, relatively low
                      respiratory costs, and remain productive for decades. To
                      predict C dynamics in fruit tree orchards under global
                      change, it is essential to expand the understanding of
                      carbon allocation in fruit trees and to improve its
                      representation in comprehensive modelling environments such
                      as land surface models (LSMs). LSMs simulate the exchanges
                      of matter and energy between the terrestrial biosphere and
                      the atmosphere. They are widely used in C cycle and climate
                      change studies, and typically include representations of
                      various types of natural vegetation and annual crops.
                      Despite the importance of fruit orchards in regions that are
                      strongly affected by climate change, such as the
                      Mediterranean, they are rarely considered in LSMs, thus
                      leaving an important gap in the representation of C
                      allocation and related biogeophysical and biogeochemical
                      processes of these agro-ecosystems. In this work, we present
                      the new fruit tree sub-model CLM-FruitTree within the
                      Community Land Model version 5 (CLM5). Herein, a fruit tree
                      is described by a perennial deciduous phenology with C
                      allocation to standing woody biomass components and annual
                      organs such as leaves, fine roots, and fruits that are
                      either shed or harvested within the yearly cycle. Two
                      different pools, the storage and the photosynthetic pool,
                      contribute to tree growth while C allocation to the
                      individual plant components is based on allocation
                      coefficients that vary depending on the specific
                      phenological phase. CLM-FruitTree was tested using multiple
                      years of field measurements of above- and belowground
                      biomass components, leaf area index (LAI), yield, soil
                      respiration, and eddy covariance (EC) data from an apple
                      orchard in South Tyrol, Italy. We found that biomass
                      allocation was captured within 1-5 $\%$ of the measured
                      values, with about half of the assimilated C allocated to
                      fruits. Growth from C storage thereby played a significant
                      role in shaping initial leaf development and growth of fine
                      roots. Simulated ecosystem C fluxes showed a high
                      correlation (r > 0.84) with the EC measurements and the
                      seasonal dynamics were well represented. Average annual
                      gross primary productivity was predicted within 1.5 $\%$ of
                      the measured values while net carbon uptake was
                      overestimated by on average 21 $\%$ mostly due to an
                      underestimation of soil respiration in the orchard caused by
                      necessary simplifications in the microbial respiration,
                      orchard structure, and management practices. Overall, the
                      new sub-model CLM-FruitTree allows the exploration of the
                      dynamics of C allocation and fluxes in fruit orchards, and
                      may advance C cycle and climate change studies of such
                      agro-ecosystems at larger scale.},
      month         = {May},
      date          = {2022-05-23},
      organization  = {EGU General Assembly 2022, Vienna
                       (Austria), 23 May 2022 - 27 May 2022},
      subtyp        = {Other},
      cin          = {IBG-3},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118},
      pnm          = {2173 - Agro-biogeosystems: controls, feedbacks and impact
                      (POF4-217) / ATLAS - Agricultural Interoperability and
                      Analysis System (857125)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-2173 / G:(EU-Grant)857125},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)6},
      doi          = {10.5194/egusphere-egu22-7527},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/917309},
}