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@INPROCEEDINGS{Dombrowski:917311,
      author       = {Dombrowski, Olga and Brogi, Cosimo and Hendricks-Franssen,
                      Harrie-Jan and Bogena, Heye and Pisinaras, Vassilios and
                      Panagopoulos, Andreas and Chatzi, Anna and Tsakmakis,
                      Ioannis and Babakos, Konstantinos},
      title        = {{M}odeling the {W}ater {F}ootprint of {M}editerranean
                      {F}ruit {O}rchards with {CLM}5-{F}ruit{T}ree},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2023-00539},
      year         = {2022},
      abstract     = {Land surface models (LSMs) are increasingly being used to
                      study how irrigated agriculture, the largest consumer of
                      fresh water globally, affects crop growth, water resources
                      status, and climate. This is especially of interest in dry
                      and semi-dry agricultural regions such as the Mediterranean,
                      where water scarcity, overexploitation and expected climate
                      change impacts threaten local water resources. The
                      simulation of these agricultural ecosystems necessitates
                      comprehensive crop modules. Such modules must consider local
                      irrigation patterns, crop types, and crop specific
                      management practices to understand their influence on water
                      and energy fluxes under present and future climates. This
                      study explores the water footprint of fruit orchards in the
                      Pinios Hydrological Observatory (PHO) in central Greece,
                      using CLM5-FruitTree, a recent development of the Community
                      Land Model version 5, to include deciduous fruit orchards
                      and associated management practices. Initially,
                      CLM5-FruitTree was setup and validated at field scale using
                      data from two highly instrumented irrigated apple orchards
                      within the PHO. The simulations used local climate, soil,
                      crop management and phenology information. Model results
                      were compared to observed apple yield, sap flow, irrigation
                      amounts, and soil moisture. The latter was obtained from a
                      distributed sensor network measuring soil moisture in three
                      depths at 12 locations per field as well as two cosmic-ray
                      neutron soil moisture sensors. The model was able to
                      reproduce the soil moisture response to irrigation
                      satisfactorily when the local irrigation schedule was
                      considered. The simulated irrigation amount indicated that
                      around $45\%$ less water than the amount applied by the
                      farmer could be used without reduction in yield. This
                      suggests potential improvements in irrigation efficiency by
                      reducing losses through evaporation or deep percolation.
                      However, possible model weaknesses in the representation of
                      soil properties and water fluxes should be further
                      addressed. Successively, a modeling case for the PHO is set
                      up to study the regional irrigation water consumption and
                      the local groundwater aquifer recharge. Results from this
                      study could help local authorities in the definition of
                      water policies and serve as a basis for climate impact
                      studies on regional irrigation management.},
      month         = {Dec},
      date          = {2022-12-12},
      organization  = {AGU Fall Meeting 2022, Chicago (USA),
                       12 Dec 2022 - 16 Dec 2022},
      subtyp        = {Other},
      cin          = {IBG-3},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118},
      pnm          = {2173 - Agro-biogeosystems: controls, feedbacks and impact
                      (POF4-217) / ATLAS - Agricultural Interoperability and
                      Analysis System (857125)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-2173 / G:(EU-Grant)857125},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)24},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/917311},
}