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@ARTICLE{Baader:917562,
      author       = {Baader, Florian and Althaus, Philipp and Bardow, André and
                      Dahmen, Manuel},
      title        = {{D}emand {R}esponse for {F}lat {N}onlinear {MIMO}
                      {P}rocesses using {D}ynamic {R}amping {C}onstraints},
      publisher    = {arXiv},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2023-00764},
      year         = {2022},
      abstract     = {Volatile electricity prices make demand response (DR)
                      attractive for processes that can modulate their production
                      rate. However, if nonlinear dynamic processes must be
                      scheduled simultaneously with their local multi-energy
                      system, the resulting scheduling optimization problems often
                      cannot be solved in real time. For single-input
                      single-output processes, the problem can be simplified
                      without sacrificing feasibility by dynamic ramping
                      constraints that define a derivative of the production rate
                      as the ramping degree of freedom. In this work, we extend
                      dynamic ramping constraints to flat multi-input multi-output
                      processes by a coordinate transformation that gives the true
                      nonlinear ramping limits. Approximating these ramping limits
                      by piecewise affine functions gives a mixed-integer linear
                      formulation that guarantees feasible operation. As a case
                      study, dynamic ramping constraints are derived for a heated
                      reactor-separator process that is subsequently scheduled
                      simultaneously with its multi-energy system. The dynamic
                      ramping formulation bridges the gap between rigorous process
                      models and simplified process representations for real-time
                      scheduling.},
      keywords     = {Optimization and Control (math.OC) (Other) / FOS:
                      Mathematics (Other)},
      cin          = {IEK-10},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-10-20170217},
      pnm          = {1121 - Digitalization and Systems Technology for
                      Flexibility Solutions (POF4-112)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1121},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)25},
      doi          = {10.48550/ARXIV.2205.14598},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/917562},
}