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@ARTICLE{Borghols:9424,
      author       = {Borghols, W.J.H. and Lützenkirchen-Hecht, D. and Haake, U.
                      and Chan, W. and Lafont, U. and Kelder, E.M. and van Eck,
                      E.R.H. and Kentgens, A.P.M. and Mulder, F.M. and Wagemaker,
                      M.},
      title        = {{L}ithium {S}torage in {A}morphous {T}i{O}2
                      {N}anoparticles},
      journal      = {Journal of the Electrochemical Society},
      volume       = {157},
      issn         = {0013-4651},
      address      = {Pennington, NJ},
      publisher    = {Electrochemical Society},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-9424},
      pages        = {A582 - A588},
      year         = {2010},
      note         = {We thank HASYLAB for the provision of beam time and the
                      financial support of our experiments and D. Zajac and D.
                      Novikov for their excellent support at the beam lines. The
                      financial support from the Netherlands Organization for
                      Scientific Research (NWO) for the VIDI grant of M. W. is
                      gratefully acknowledged. NWO is further acknowledged for
                      financing the solid-state NMR facility for advanced material
                      science at the Radboud University. We thank the Alistore
                      network for providing access to TEM measurements and the
                      electrochemical laboratories.},
      abstract     = {Amorphous titanium oxide nanoparticles were prepared from
                      titanium isopropoxide. In situ measurements reveal an
                      extraordinary high capacity of 810 mAh/g on the first
                      discharge. Upon cycling at a charge/discharge rate of 33.5
                      mA/g, this capacity gradually decreases to 200 mAh/g after
                      50 cycles. The origin of this fading was investigated using
                      X-ray absorption spectroscopy and solid-state nuclear
                      magnetic resonance. These measurements reveal that a large
                      fraction of the total amount of the consumed Li atoms is due
                      to the reaction of H2O/OH species adsorbed at the surface to
                      Li2O, explaining the irreversible capacity loss. The
                      reversible capacity of the bulk, leading to the Li0.5TiO2
                      composition, does not explain the relatively large
                      reversible capacity, implying that part of Li2O at the TiO2
                      surface may be reversible. The high reversible capacity,
                      also at large (dis)charge rates up to 3.35 A/g (10C), makes
                      this amorphous titanium oxide material suitable as a low
                      cost electrode material in a high power battery.},
      keywords     = {J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {IFF-4 / IFF-5 / Jülich Centre for Neutron Science JCNS
                      (JCNS) ; JCNS},
      ddc          = {540},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)VDB784 / I:(DE-Juel1)VDB785 /
                      I:(DE-Juel1)JCNS-20121112},
      pnm          = {BioSoft: Makromolekulare Systeme und biologische
                      Informationsverarbeitung / Großgeräte für die Forschung
                      mit Photonen, Neutronen und Ionen (PNI)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK505 / G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK415},
      shelfmark    = {Electrochemistry / Materials Science, Coatings $\&$ Films},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000276555300005},
      doi          = {10.1149/1.3332806},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/9424},
}