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@ARTICLE{Kok:943308,
      author       = {Kok, Jasper F. and Storelvmo, Trude and Karydis, Vlassis A.
                      and Adebiyi, Adeyemi A. and Mahowald, Natalie M. and Evan,
                      Amato T. and He, Cenlin and Leung, Danny M.},
      title        = {{M}ineral dust aerosol impacts on global climate and
                      climate change},
      journal      = {Nature reviews / Earth $\&$ environment},
      volume       = {4},
      issn         = {2662-138X},
      address      = {London},
      publisher    = {Nature Research},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2023-00914},
      pages        = {71-86},
      year         = {2023},
      abstract     = {Mineral dust aerosols impact the energy budget of Earth
                      through interactions with radiation, clouds, atmospheric
                      chemistry, the cryosphere and biogeochemistry. In this
                      Review, we summarize these interactions and assess the
                      resulting impacts of dust, and of changes in dust, on global
                      climate and climate change. The total effect of dust
                      interactions on the global energy budget of Earth — the
                      dust effective radiative effect — is
                      −0.2 ± 0.5 W m−2 $(90\%$ confidence interval),
                      suggesting that dust net cools the climate. Global dust mass
                      loading has increased $55 ± 30\%$ since pre-industrial
                      times, driven largely by increases in dust from Asia and
                      North Africa, leading to changes in the energy budget of
                      Earth. Indeed, this increase in dust has produced a global
                      mean effective radiative forcing of
                      −0.07 ± 0.18 W m−2, somewhat counteracting
                      greenhouse warming. Current climate models and climate
                      assessments do not represent the historical increase in dust
                      and thus omit the resulting radiative forcing, biasing
                      climate change projections and assessments of climate
                      sensitivity. Climate model simulations of future changes in
                      dust diverge widely and are very uncertain. Further work is
                      thus needed to constrain the radiative effects of dust on
                      climate and to improve the representation of dust in climate
                      models.},
      cin          = {IEK-8},
      ddc          = {570},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-8-20101013},
      pnm          = {2111 - Air Quality (POF4-211)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-2111},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000914708600001},
      doi          = {10.1038/s43017-022-00379-5},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/943308},
}