000009505 001__ 9505 000009505 005__ 20190625111652.0 000009505 0247_ $$2DOI$$a10.1038/nphys1615 000009505 0247_ $$2WOS$$aWOS:000278335500013 000009505 0247_ $$2altmetric$$aaltmetric:21803935 000009505 037__ $$aPreJuSER-9505 000009505 041__ $$aeng 000009505 082__ $$a530 000009505 084__ $$2WoS$$aPhysics, Multidisciplinary 000009505 1001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aLizzit, S.$$b0 000009505 245__ $$aBand dispersion in the deep 1s core level of graphene 000009505 260__ $$aBasingstoke$$bNature Publishing Group$$c2010 000009505 300__ $$a345 . 349 000009505 3367_ $$0PUB:(DE-HGF)16$$2PUB:(DE-HGF)$$aJournal Article 000009505 3367_ $$2DataCite$$aOutput Types/Journal article 000009505 3367_ $$00$$2EndNote$$aJournal Article 000009505 3367_ $$2BibTeX$$aARTICLE 000009505 3367_ $$2ORCID$$aJOURNAL_ARTICLE 000009505 3367_ $$2DRIVER$$aarticle 000009505 440_0 $$014921$$aNature Physics$$v6$$x1745-2473 000009505 500__ $$aWe gratefully acknowledge stimulating discussions with D. L. Mills, J. G. de Abajo and K. C. Prince. The research leading to these results has received financial support from the Danish National Research Council, the Lundbeck Foundation and the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement no. 226716. G.Z. thanks ANPCyT of Argentina and the ICTP Trieste for financial support under the TRIL Programme. 000009505 520__ $$aIt is generally assumed that electrons in deep atomic core states are highly localized and do not participate in the bonding of molecules and solids. This implies well-defined core-level binding energies and the absence of any splitting and band-like dispersion, a fact that is exploited in several powerful experimental techniques, such as X-ray photoemission spectroscopy. Violations of this assumption have been found for only a few small molecules in the gas phase such as C2H2 or N-2 with much stronger bonding and shorter bonding distances than present in solids(1,2). Here we report the observation of a sizeable band-like dispersion of the C 1s core level in graphene, a single-layer honeycomb net of carbon atoms that is attracting considerable attention at present in the scientific community(3). The dispersion is observed as an emission-angle-dependent binding-energy modulation and it is shown that under appropriate conditions only the bonding or antibonding states can be observed. A very similar dispersion is also found by ab initio calculations. 000009505 536__ $$0G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK412$$2G:(DE-HGF)$$aGrundlagen für zukünftige Informationstechnologien$$cP42$$x0 000009505 588__ $$aDataset connected to Web of Science 000009505 650_7 $$2WoSType$$aJ 000009505 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aZampieri, G.$$b1 000009505 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aPetaccia, L.$$b2 000009505 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aLarciprete, R.$$b3 000009505 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aLacovig, P.$$b4 000009505 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aRienks, E. D. L.$$b5 000009505 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)130545$$aBihlmayer, G.$$b6$$uFZJ 000009505 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aBaraldi, A.$$b7 000009505 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aHofmann, Ph.$$b8 000009505 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)2206346-8$$a10.1038/nphys1615$$gVol. 6, p. 345 . 349$$p345 . 349$$q6<345 . 349$$tNature physics$$v6$$x1745-2473$$y2010 000009505 8567_ $$uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nphys1615 000009505 909CO $$ooai:juser.fz-juelich.de:9505$$pVDB 000009505 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0010$$aJCR/ISI refereed 000009505 9141_ $$y2010 000009505 9131_ $$0G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK412$$aDE-HGF$$bSchlüsseltechnologien$$kP42$$lGrundlagen für zukünftige Informationstechnologien (FIT)$$vGrundlagen für zukünftige Informationstechnologien$$x0 000009505 9201_ $$0I:(DE-Juel1)VDB781$$d31.12.2010$$gIFF$$kIFF-1$$lQuanten-Theorie der Materialien$$x0 000009505 9201_ $$0I:(DE-Juel1)IAS-1-20090406$$gIAS$$kIAS-1$$lQuanten-Theorie der Materialien$$x1$$zIFF-1 000009505 9201_ $$0I:(DE-82)080009_20140620$$gJARA$$kJARA-FIT$$lJülich-Aachen Research Alliance - Fundamentals of Future Information Technology$$x2 000009505 9201_ $$0I:(DE-Juel1)VDB1045$$gJARA$$kJARA-SIM$$lJülich-Aachen Research Alliance - Simulation Sciences$$x3 000009505 970__ $$aVDB:(DE-Juel1)119363 000009505 980__ $$aVDB 000009505 980__ $$aConvertedRecord 000009505 980__ $$ajournal 000009505 980__ $$aI:(DE-Juel1)PGI-1-20110106 000009505 980__ $$aI:(DE-Juel1)IAS-1-20090406 000009505 980__ $$aI:(DE-82)080009_20140620 000009505 980__ $$aI:(DE-Juel1)VDB1045 000009505 980__ $$aUNRESTRICTED 000009505 981__ $$aI:(DE-Juel1)PGI-1-20110106 000009505 981__ $$aI:(DE-Juel1)IAS-1-20090406 000009505 981__ $$aI:(DE-Juel1)VDB1045 000009505 981__ $$aI:(DE-Juel1)VDB881