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@ARTICLE{PaasOliveros:972039,
      author       = {Paas Oliveros, Lya K. and Pieczykolan, Aleks and Pläschke,
                      Rachel N. and Eickhoff, Simon B. and Langner, Robert},
      title        = {{R}esponse-code conflict in dual-task interference and its
                      modulation by age},
      journal      = {Psychological research},
      volume       = {87},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {0033-3026},
      address      = {Heidelberg},
      publisher    = {Springer},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2023-01048},
      pages        = {260 - 280},
      year         = {2023},
      abstract     = {Difficulties in performing two tasks at once can arise from
                      several sources and usually increase in advanced age. Tasks
                      with concurrent bimodal (e.g., manual and oculomotor)
                      responding to single stimuli consistently revealed crosstalk
                      between conflicting response codes as a relevant source.
                      However, how this finding translates to unimodal (i.e.,
                      manual only) response settings and how it is affected by age
                      remains open. To address this issue, we had young and older
                      adults respond to high- or low-pitched tones with one
                      (single task) or both hands concurrently (dual task).
                      Responses were either compatible or incompatible with the
                      pitch. When responses with the same level of compatibility
                      were combined in dual-task conditions, their response codes
                      were congruent to each other, whereas combining a compatible
                      and an incompatible response created mutually incongruent
                      (i.e., conflicting) response codes, potentially inducing
                      detrimental crosstalk. Across age groups, dual-task costs
                      indeed were overall highest with response-code incongruency.
                      In these trials, compatible responses exhibited higher costs
                      than incompatible ones, even after removing trials with
                      strongly synchronized responses. This underadditive cost
                      asymmetry argues against mutual crosstalk as the sole source
                      of interference and corroborates notions of strategic
                      prioritization of limited processing capacity based on
                      mapping-selection difficulty. As expected, the effects of
                      incongruent response codes were found to be especially
                      deleterious in older adults, supporting assumptions of
                      age-related deficits in multiple-action control at the level
                      of task-shielding. Overall, our results suggest that aging
                      is linked to higher response confusability and less
                      efficient flexibility for capacity sharing in dual-task
                      settings.},
      cin          = {INM-7},
      ddc          = {150},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-7-20090406},
      pnm          = {5251 - Multilevel Brain Organization and Variability
                      (POF4-525)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5251},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {35122495},
      UT           = {WOS:000751579100001},
      doi          = {10.1007/s00426-021-01639-7},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/972039},
}