TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ortmann, Till
AU  - Burkhardt, Simon
AU  - Eckhardt, Janis Kevin
AU  - Fuchs, Till
AU  - Ding, Ziming
AU  - Sann, Joachim
AU  - Rohnke, Marcus
AU  - Ma, Qianli
AU  - Tietz, Frank
AU  - Fattakhova-Rohlfing, Dina
AU  - Kübel, Christian
AU  - Guillon, Olivier
AU  - Heiliger, Christian
AU  - Janek, Jürgen
TI  - Kinetics and Pore Formation of the Sodium Metal Anode on NASICON‐Type Na 3.4 Zr 2 Si 2.4 P 0.6 O 12 for Sodium Solid‐State Batteries
JO  - Advanced energy materials
VL  - 13
IS  - 5
SN  - 1614-6832
CY  - Weinheim
PB  - Wiley-VCH
M1  - FZJ-2023-01064
SP  - 2202712
PY  - 2023
AB  - In recent years, many efforts have been made to introduce reversible alkali metal anodes using solid electrolytes in order to increase the energy density of next-generation batteries. In this respect, Na3.4Zr2Si2.4P0.6O12 is a promising solid electrolyte for solid-state sodium batteries, due to its high ionic conduc-tivity and apparent stability versus sodium metal. The formation of a kinetically stable interphase in contact with sodium metal is revealed by time-resolved impedance analysis, in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and transmis-sion electron microscopy. Based on pressure- and temperature-dependent impedance analyses, it is concluded that the Na|Na3.4Zr2Si2.4P0.6O12 interface kinetics is dominated by current constriction rather than by charge transfer. Cross-sections of the interface after anodic dissolution at various mechanical loads visualize the formed pore structure due to the accumulation of vacancies near the interface. The temporal evolution of the pore morphology after anodic dissolution is monitored by time-resolved impedance analysis. Equilibration of the interface is observed even under extremely low external mechanical load, which is attributed to fast vacancy diffusion in sodium metal, while equilibra-tion is faster and mainly caused by creep at increased external load. The pre-sented information provides useful insights into a more profound evaluation of the sodium metal anode in solid-state batteries.
LB  - PUB:(DE-HGF)16
UR  - <Go to ISI:>//WOS:000903048700001
DO  - DOI:10.1002/aenm.202202712
UR  - https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/972096
ER  -