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@ARTICLE{Konrad:9732,
      author       = {Konrad, K. and Eickhoff, S. B.},
      title        = {{I}s the {ADHD} {B}rain {W}ired {D}ifferently? {A} {R}eview
                      on {S}tructural and {F}unctional {C}onnectivity in
                      {A}ttention {D}eficit {H}yperactivity {D}isorder},
      journal      = {Human brain mapping},
      volume       = {31},
      issn         = {1065-9471},
      address      = {New York, NY},
      publisher    = {Wiley-Liss},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-9732},
      pages        = {904 - 916},
      year         = {2010},
      note         = {Contract grant sponsor: German Federal Ministry of
                      Education and Science (for K.K.); Contract grant numbers:
                      BMBF-EDNET-01GV0602, BMBF-ANAC-01GJ0808; Contract grant
                      sponsor: Human Brain Project (for S.B.E.); Contract grant
                      number: NTH R01-MH074457-01A1; Contract grant sponsors:
                      Excellence Initiative of the German federal and state
                      governments (JARA-Seed fund) for K.K.; the Helmholz
                      Initiative on Systems-Biology "The Human Brain Model" for
                      S.B.E.},
      abstract     = {In recent years, a change in perspective in etiological
                      models of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
                      has occurred in concordance with emerging concepts in other
                      neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and autism.
                      These models shift the focus of the assumed pathology from
                      regional brain abnormalities to dysfunction in distributed
                      network organization. In the current contribution, we report
                      findings from functional connectivity studies during resting
                      and task states, as well as from studies on structural
                      connectivity using diffusion tensor imaging, in subjects
                      with ADHD. Although major methodological limitations in
                      analyzing connectivity measures derived from noninvasive in
                      vivo neuroimaging still exist, there is convergent evidence
                      for white matter pathology and disrupted anatomical
                      connectivity in ADHD. In addition, dysfunctional
                      connectivity during rest and during cognitive tasks has been
                      demonstrated. However, the causality between disturbed white
                      matter architecture and cortical dysfunction remains to be
                      evaluated. Both genetic and environmental factors might
                      contribute to disruptions in interactions between different
                      brain regions. Stimulant medication not only modulates
                      regionally specific activation strength but also normalizes
                      dysfunctional connectivity, pointing to a predominant
                      network dysfunction in ADHD. By combining a longitudinal
                      approach with a systems perspective in ADHD in the future,
                      it might be possible to identify at which stage during
                      development disruptions in neural networks emerge and to
                      delineate possible new endophenotypes of ADHD.},
      keywords     = {Animals / Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity:
                      genetics / Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity:
                      pathology / Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity:
                      physiopathology / Brain: growth $\&$ development / Brain:
                      pathology / Brain: physiopathology / Humans / Neural
                      Pathways: growth $\&$ development / Neural Pathways:
                      pathology / Neural Pathways: physiopathology / J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {INM-2 / INM-3 / JARA-BRAIN},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-2-20090406 / I:(DE-Juel1)INM-3-20090406 /
                      $I:(DE-82)080010_20140620$},
      pnm          = {Funktion und Dysfunktion des Nervensystems (FUEK409) /
                      89571 - Connectivity and Activity (POF2-89571)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK409 / G:(DE-HGF)POF2-89571},
      shelfmark    = {Neurosciences / Neuroimaging / Radiology, Nuclear Medicine
                      $\&$ Medical Imaging},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:20496381},
      UT           = {WOS:000278341200008},
      doi          = {10.1002/hbm.21058},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/9732},
}