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000009774 0247_ $$2DOI$$a10.1002/qj.637
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000009774 041__ $$aeng
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000009774 084__ $$2WoS$$aMeteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
000009774 1001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aAlexander, M.J.$$b0
000009774 245__ $$aRecent developments in gravity wave effects in climate models and the global distribution of gravity wave momentum flux from observations and models
000009774 260__ $$aWeinheim [u.a.]$$bWiley$$c2010
000009774 300__ $$a1103 - 1124
000009774 3367_ $$0PUB:(DE-HGF)16$$2PUB:(DE-HGF)$$aJournal Article
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000009774 440_0 $$05221$$aQuarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society$$v136$$x0035-9009$$yPart A 650
000009774 500__ $$aThis work is part of an ongoing activity within the World Climate Research Programme's (WCRP) Stratospheric Processes and their Role in Climate (SPARC) project. The authors thank the SPARC International Project Office for its help with organizing and facilitating the workshop where this manuscript was initiated. Additional support for MJA came from NASA's Earth Science Mission Directorate (contract #NNH08CD37C) and the National Science Foundation's Physical and Dynamic Meteorology Program (Award #0632378), and for SDE and MJA from NASA contract #NNH08AE431.
000009774 520__ $$aRecent observational and theoretical studies of the global properties of small-scale atmospheric gravity waves have highlighted the global effects of these waves on the circulation from the surface to the middle atmosphere. The effects of gravity waves on the large-scale circulation have long been treated via parametrizations in both climate and weather-forecasting applications. In these parametrizations, key parameters describe the global distributions of gravity-wave momentum flux, wavelengths and frequencies. Until recently, global observations could not define the required parameters because the waves are small in scale and intermittent in occurrence. Recent satellite and other global datasets with improved resolution, along with innovative analysis methods, are now providing constraints for the parametrizations that can improve the treatment of these waves in climate-prediction models. Research using very-high-resolution global models has also recently demonstrated the capability to resolve gravity waves and their circulation effects, and when tested against observations these models show some very realistic properties. Here we review recent studies on gravity-wave effects in stratosphere-resolving climate models, recent observations and analysis methods that reveal global patterns in gravity-wave momentum fluxes and results of very-high-resolution model studies, and we outline some future research requirements to improve the treatment of these waves in climate simulations. Copyright (C) 2010 Royal Meteorological Society and Crown in the right of Canada
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000009774 65320 $$2Author$$aatmosphere
000009774 65320 $$2Author$$agravity wave
000009774 65320 $$2Author$$amomentum flux
000009774 65320 $$2Author$$adrag
000009774 65320 $$2Author$$aforce
000009774 65320 $$2Author$$awind tendency
000009774 65320 $$2Author$$aclimate
000009774 65320 $$2Author$$aglobal model
000009774 650_7 $$2WoSType$$aJ
000009774 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aGeller, M.$$b1
000009774 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aMcLandress, C.$$b2
000009774 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aPolavarapu, S.$$b3
000009774 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)VDB12001$$aPreusse, P.$$b4$$uFZJ
000009774 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aSassi, F.$$b5
000009774 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aSato, K.$$b6
000009774 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aEckermann, S.D.$$b7
000009774 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)VDB13497$$aErn, M.$$b8$$uFZJ
000009774 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aHertzog, A.$$b9
000009774 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aKawatani, Y.$$b10
000009774 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aPulido, M.$$b11
000009774 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aShaw, T.$$b12
000009774 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aSigmond, M.$$b13
000009774 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aVincent, R.$$b14
000009774 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aWatanabe, S.$$b15
000009774 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)2089168-4$$a10.1002/qj.637$$gp. 1103 - 1124$$p1103 - 1124$$q1103 - 1124$$tQuarterly journal of the Royal Meteorological Society$$x0035-9009$$y2010
000009774 8567_ $$uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qj.637
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