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000998574 1001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aKoltermann, Lucas$$b0$$eCorresponding author
000998574 245__ $$aBalancing group deviation & balancing energy costs due to the provision of frequency containment reserve with a battery storage system in Germany
000998574 260__ $$aAmsterdam [u.a.]$$bElsevier Science$$c2022
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000998574 520__ $$arenewable energy sources in the power grid. Thus, control reserves such as frequency containment reserve aregaining in importance and need further investigation. In Germany, the power grid is divided into balancinggroups, in which supply and demand must be balanced out. The provision of frequency containment reserve,creates an imbalance in the respective balancing group depending on the grid condition. However, this energeticimbalance and the resulting costs for the balancing group manager are further to be quantified. This workprovides a simulation model that examines the energetic imbalances resulting from the provision of frequencycontainment reserve. We validate the simulation results with field-data from the operation of a 6 MW batterystorage system and derive the resulting cost for the energy imbalances. In addition, flexibility options for batteriesgiven by the regulatory framework in form of the degrees of freedom are evaluated. The results show, thatthe degrees of freedom enable a battery storage operator to additionally charge up to 8.68 MWh/MW frequencycontainment reserve per month or dis-charge up to 9 MWh/MW frequency containment reserve per month onaverage. The additional profits from the German imbalance settlement price vary on average between 302 € and1,068 € per MW frequency containment reserve per month. In Conclusion, the field-data confirm the simulationdata in terms of energy deviations in the balancing group due to the provision of FCR. Over the period of onemonth, the deviation usually leads to a cost-related advantage for the balancing group manager. The provision offrequency containment reserve as a grid service can therefore be seen as a positive gain for a balancing group.
000998574 536__ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1223$$a1223 - Batteries in Application (POF4-122)$$cPOF4-122$$fPOF IV$$x0
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000998574 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aJacqué, Kevin$$b1
000998574 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aFiggener, Jan$$b2
000998574 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aZurmühlen, Sebastian$$b3
000998574 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)172625$$aSauer, Dirk Uwe$$b4
000998574 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)2001425-9$$a10.1016/j.ijepes.2022.108327$$gVol. 142, p. 108327 -$$p108327$$tInternational journal of electrical power & energy systems$$v142$$x0142-0615$$y2022
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