% IMPORTANT: The following is UTF-8 encoded. This means that in the presence % of non-ASCII characters, it will not work with BibTeX 0.99 or older. % Instead, you should use an up-to-date BibTeX implementation like “bibtex8” or % “biber”. @ARTICLE{Abusleme:999171, author = {Abusleme, Angel and Adam, Thomas and Ahmad, Shakeel and Ahmed, Rizwan and Aiello, Sebastiano and Akram, Muhammad and Aleem, Abid and Alexandros, Tsagkarakis and An, Fengpeng and An, Qi and Andronico, Giuseppe and Anfimov, Nikolay and Antonelli, Vito and Antoshkina, Tatiana and Asavapibhop, Burin and de André, João Pedro Athayde Marcondes and Auguste, Didier and Bai, Weidong and Balashov, Nikita and Baldini, Wander and Barresi, Andrea and Basilico, Davide and Baussan, Eric and Bellato, Marco and Bergnoli, Antonio and Birkenfeld, Thilo and Blin, Sylvie and Blum, David and Blyth, Simon and Bolshakova, Anastasia and Bongrand, Mathieu and Bordereau, Clément and Breton, Dominique and Brigatti, Augusto and Brugnera, Riccardo and Bruno, Riccardo and Budano, Antonio and Busto, Jose and Butorov, Ilya and Cabrera, Anatael and Caccianiga, Barbara and Cai, Hao and Cai, Xiao and Cai, Yanke and Cai, Zhiyan and Callegari, Riccardo and Cammi, Antonio and Campeny, Agustin and Cao, Chuanya and Cao, Guofu and Cao, Jun and Caruso, Rossella and Cerna, Cédric and Chan, Chi and Chang, Jinfan and Chang, Yun and Chen, Guoming and Chen, Pingping and Chen, Po-An and Chen, Shaomin and Chen, Xurong and Chen, Yixue and Chen, Yu and Chen, Zhiyuan and Chen, Zikang and Cheng, Jie and Cheng, Yaping and Cheng, Yu Chin and Chetverikov, Alexey and Chiesa, Davide and Chimenti, Pietro and Chukanov, Artem and Claverie, Gérard and Clementi, Catia and Clerbaux, Barbara and Colomer Molla, Marta and Conforti Di Lorenzo, Selma and Corti, Daniele and Corso, Flavio Dal and Dalager, Olivia and De La Taille, Christophe and Deng, Zhi and Deng, Ziyan and Depnering, Wilfried and Diaz, Marco and Ding, Xuefeng and Ding, Yayun and Dirgantara, Bayu and Dmitrievsky, Sergey and Dohnal, Tadeas and Dolzhikov, Dmitry and Donchenko, Georgy and Dong, Jianmeng and Doroshkevich, Evgeny and Dracos, Marcos and Druillole, Frédéric and Du, Ran and Du, Shuxian and Dusini, Stefano and Dvorak, Martin and Enqvist, Timo and Enzmann, Heike and Fabbri, Andrea and Fan, Donghua and Fan, Lei and Fang, Jian and Fang, Wenxing and Fargetta, Marco and Fedoseev, Dmitry and Fei, Zhengyong and Feng, Li-Cheng and Feng, Qichun and Ford, Richard and Fournier, Amélie and Gan, Haonan and Gao, Feng and Garfagnini, Alberto and Gavrikov, Arsenii and Giammarchi, Marco and Giudice, Nunzio and Gonchar, Maxim and Gong, Guanghua and Gong, Hui and Gornushkin, Yuri and Göttel, Alexandre and Grassi, Marco and Gromov, Vasily and Gu, Minghao and Gu, Xiaofei and Gu, Yu and Guan, Mengyun and Guan, Yuduo and Guardone, Nunzio and Guo, Cong and Guo, Jingyuan and Guo, Wanlei and Guo, Xinheng and Guo, Yuhang and Hackspacher, Paul and Hagner, Caren and Han, Ran and Han, Yang and He, Miao and He, Wei and Heinz, Tobias and Hellmuth, Patrick and Heng, Yuekun and Herrera, Rafael and Hor, YuenKeung and Hou, Shaojing and Hsiung, Yee and Hu, Bei-Zhen and Hu, Hang and Hu, Jianrun and Hu, Jun and Hu, Shouyang and Hu, Tao and Hu, Yuxiang and Hu, Zhuojun and Huang, Guihong and Huang, Hanxiong and Huang, Kaixuan and Huang, Wenhao and Huang, Xin and Huang, Xingtao and Huang, Yongbo and Hui, Jiaqi and Huo, Lei and Huo, Wenju and Huss, Cédric and Hussain, Safeer and Ioannisian, Ara and Isocrate, Roberto and Jelmini, Beatrice and Jeria, Ignacio and Ji, Xiaolu and Jia, Huihui and Jia, Junji and Jian, Siyu and Jiang, Di and Jiang, Wei and Jiang, Xiaoshan and Jing, Xiaoping and Jollet, Cécile and Joutsenvaara, Jari and Kalousis, Leonidas and Kampmann, Philipp and Kang, Li and Karaparambil, Rebin and Kazarian, Narine and Khatun, Amina and Khosonthongkee, Khanchai and Korablev, Denis and Kouzakov, Konstantin and Krasnoperov, Alexey and Kutovskiy, Nikolay and Kuusiniemi, Pasi and Lachenmaier, Tobias and Landini, Cecilia and Leblanc, Sébastien and Lebrin, Victor and Lefevre, Frederic and Lei, Ruiting and Leitner, Rupert and Leung, Jason and Li, Daozheng and Li, Demin and Li, Fei and Li, Fule and Li, Gaosong and Li, Huiling and Li, Mengzhao and Li, Min and Li, Nan and Li, Nan and Li, Qingjiang and Li, Ruhui and Li, Rui and Li, Shanfeng and Li, Tao and Li, Teng and Li, Weidong and Li, Weiguo and Li, Xiaomei and Li, Xiaonan and Li, Xinglong and Li, Yi and Li, Yichen and Li, Yufeng and Li, Zepeng and Li, Zhaohan and Li, Zhibing and Li, Ziyuan and Li, Zonghai and Liang, Hao and Liang, Hao and Liao, Jiajun and Limphirat, Ayut and Lin, Guey-Lin and Lin, Shengxin and Lin, Tao and Ling, Jiajie and Lippi, Ivano and Liu, Fang and Liu, Haidong and Liu, Haotian and Liu, Hongbang and Liu, Hongjuan and Liu, Hongtao and Liu, Hui and Liu, Jianglai and Liu, Jinchang and Liu, Min and Liu, Qian and Liu, Qin and Liu, Runxuan and Liu, Shubin and Liu, Shulin and Liu, Xiaowei and Liu, Xiwen and Liu, Yan and Liu, Yunzhe and Lokhov, Alexey and Lombardi, Paolo and Lombardo, Claudio and Loo, Kai and Lu, Chuan and Lu, Haoqi and Lu, Jingbin and Lu, Junguang and Lu, Shuxiang and Lubsandorzhiev, Bayarto and Lubsandorzhiev, Sultim and Ludhova, Livia and Lukanov, Arslan and Luo, Daibin and Luo, Fengjiao and Luo, Guang and Luo, Shu and Luo, Wuming and Luo, Xiaojie and Lyashuk, Vladimir and Ma, Bangzheng and Ma, Bing and Ma, Qiumei and Ma, Si and Ma, Xiaoyan and Ma, Xubo and Maalmi, Jihane and Mai, Jingyu and Malyshkin, Yury and Mandujano, Roberto Carlos and Mantovani, Fabio and Manzali, Francesco and Mao, Xin and Mao, Yajun and Mari, Stefano M. and Marini, Filippo and Martellini, Cristina and Martin-Chassard, Gisele and Martini, Agnese and Mayer, Matthias and Mayilyan, Davit and Mednieks, Ints and Meng, Yue and Meregaglia, Anselmo and Meroni, Emanuela and Meyhöfer, David and Mezzetto, Mauro and Miller, Jonathan and Miramonti, Lino and Montini, Paolo and Montuschi, Michele and Müller, Axel and Nastasi, Massimiliano and Naumov, Dmitry V. and Naumova, Elena and Navas-Nicolas, Diana and Nemchenok, Igor and Nguyen Thi, Minh Thuan and Ning, Feipeng and Ning, Zhe and Nunokawa, Hiroshi and Oberauer, Lothar and Ochoa-Ricoux, Juan Pedro and Olshevskiy, Alexander and Orestano, Domizia and Ortica, Fausto and Othegraven, Rainer and Paoloni, Alessandro and Parmeggiano, Sergio and Pei, Yatian and Pelicci, Luca and Pelliccia, Nicomede and Peng, Anguo and Peng, Haiping and Peng, Yu and Peng, Zhaoyuan and Perrot, Frédéric and Petitjean, Pierre-Alexandre and Petrucci, Fabrizio and Pilarczyk, Oliver and Piñeres Rico, Luis Felipe and Popov, Artyom and Poussot, Pascal and Previtali, Ezio and Qi, Fazhi and Qi, Ming and Qian, Sen and Qian, Xiaohui and Qian, Zhen and Qiao, Hao and Qin, Zhonghua and Qiu, Shoukang and Ranucci, Gioacchino and Raper, Neill and Re, Alessandra and Rebber, Henning and Rebii, Abdel and Redchuk, Mariia and Ren, Bin and Ren, Jie and Ricci, Barbara and Rifai, Mariam and Roche, Mathieu and Rodphai, Narongkiat and Romani, Aldo and Roskovec, Bedřich and Ruan, Xichao and Rybnikov, Arseniy and Sadovsky, Andrey and Saggese, Paolo and Sanfilippo, Simone and Sangka, Anut and Sawangwit, Utane and Sawatzki, Julia and Schever, Michaela and Schwab, Cédric and Schweizer, Konstantin and Selyunin, Alexandr and Serafini, Andrea and Settanta, Giulio and Settimo, Mariangela and Shao, Zhuang and Sharov, Vladislav and Shaydurova, Arina and Shi, Jingyan and Shi, Yanan and Shutov, Vitaly and Sidorenkov, Andrey and Šimkovic, Fedor and Sirignano, Chiara and Siripak, Jaruchit and Sisti, Monica and Slupecki, Maciej and Smirnov, Mikhail and Smirnov, Oleg and Sogo-Bezerra, Thiago and Sokolov, Sergey and Songwadhana, Julanan and Soonthornthum, Boonrucksar and Sotnikov, Albert and Šrámek, Ondřej and Sreethawong, Warintorn and Stahl, Achim and Stanco, Luca and Stankevich, Konstantin and Štefánik, Dušan and Steiger, Hans and Steinmann, Jochen and Sterr, Tobias and Stock, Matthias Raphael and Strati, Virginia and Studenikin, Alexander and Su, Jun and Sun, Shifeng and Sun, Xilei and Sun, Yongjie and Sun, Yongzhao and Sun, Zhengyang and Suwonjandee, Narumon and Szelezniak, Michal and Tang, Jian and Tang, Qiang and Tang, Quan and Tang, Xiao and Theisen, Eric and Tietzsch, Alexander and Tkachev, Igor and Tmej, Tomas and Torri, Marco Danilo Claudio and Treskov, Konstantin and Triossi, Andrea and Troni, Giancarlo and Trzaska, Wladyslaw and Tuve, Cristina and Ushakov, Nikita and Vedin, Vadim and Verde, Giuseppe and Vialkov, Maxim and Viaud, Benoit and Vollbrecht, Cornelius Moritz and Volpe, Cristina and von Sturm, Katharina and Vorobel, Vit and Voronin, Dmitriy and Votano, Lucia and Walker, Pablo and Wang, Caishen and Wang, Chung-Hsiang and Wang, En and Wang, Guoli and Wang, Jian and Wang, Jun and Wang, Lu and Wang, Meifen and Wang, Meng and Wang, Meng and Wang, Ruiguang and Wang, Siguang and Wang, Wei and Wang, Wei and Wang, Wenshuai and Wang, Xi and Wang, Xiangyue and Wang, Yangfu and Wang, Yaoguang and Wang, Yi and Wang, Yi and Wang, Yifang and Wang, Yuanqing and Wang, Yuman and Wang, Zhe and Wang, Zheng and Wang, Zhimin and Wang, Zongyi and Watcharangkool, Apimook and Wei, Wei and Wei, Wei and Wei, Wenlu and Wei, Yadong and Wen, Kaile and Wen, Liangjian and Wiebusch, Christopher and Wong, Steven Chan-Fai and Wonsak, Bjoern and Wu, Diru and Wu, Qun and Wu, Zhi and Wurm, Michael and Wurtz, Jacques and Wysotzki, Christian and Xi, Yufei and Xia, Dongmei and Xiao, Xiang and Xie, Xiaochuan and Xie, Yuguang and Xie, Zhangquan and Xin, Zhao and Xing, Zhizhong and Xu, Benda and Xu, Cheng and Xu, Donglian and Xu, Fanrong and Xu, Hangkun and Xu, Jilei and Xu, Jing and Xu, Meihang and Xu, Yin and Xu, Yu and Yan, Baojun and Yan, Taylor and Yan, Wenqi and Yan, Xiongbo and Yan, Yupeng and Yang, Changgen and Yang, Chengfeng and Yang, Huan and Yang, Jie and Yang, Lei and Yang, Xiaoyu and Yang, Yifan and Yang, Yifan and Yao, Haifeng and Ye, Jiaxuan and Ye, Mei and Ye, Ziping and Yermia, Frédéric and Yin, Na and You, Zhengyun and Yu, Boxiang and Yu, Chiye and Yu, Chunxu and Yu, Hongzhao and Yu, Miao and Yu, Xianghui and Yu, Zeyuan and Yu, Zezhong and Yuan, Cenxi and Yuan, Chengzhuo and Yuan, Ying and Yuan, Zhenxiong and Yue, Baobiao and Zafar, Noman and Zavadskyi, Vitalii and Zeng, Shan and Zeng, Tingxuan and Zeng, Yuda and Zhan, Liang and Zhang, Aiqiang and Zhang, Bin and Zhang, Binting and Zhang, Feiyang and Zhang, Guoqing and Zhang, Honghao and Zhang, Jialiang and Zhang, Jiawen and Zhang, Jie and Zhang, Jin and Zhang, Jingbo and Zhang, Jinnan and Zhang, Mohan and Zhang, Peng and Zhang, Qingmin and Zhang, Shiqi and Zhang, Shu and Zhang, Tao and Zhang, Xiaomei and Zhang, Xin and Zhang, Xuantong and Zhang, Xueyao and Zhang, Yinhong and Zhang, Yiyu and Zhang, Yongpeng and Zhang, Yu and Zhang, Yuanyuan and Zhang, Yumei and Zhang, Zhenyu and Zhang, Zhijian and Zhao, Fengyi and Zhao, Jie and Zhao, Rong and Zhao, Runze and Zhao, Shujun and Zheng, Dongqin and Zheng, Hua and Zheng, Yangheng and Zhong, Weirong and Zhou, Jing and Zhou, Li and Zhou, Nan and Zhou, Shun and Zhou, Tong and Zhou, Xiang and Zhu, Jiang and Zhu, Jingsen and Zhu, Kangfu and Zhu, Kejun and Zhu, Zhihang and Zhuang, Bo and Zhuang, Honglin and Zong, Liang and Zou, Jiaheng}, title = {{M}ass testing and characterization of 20-inch {PMT}s for {JUNO}}, journal = {The European physical journal / C}, volume = {82}, number = {12}, issn = {1434-6044}, address = {Heidelberg}, publisher = {Springer}, reportid = {FZJ-2023-01205}, pages = {1168}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Main goal of the JUNO experiment is to determine the neutrino mass ordering using a 20 kt liquid-scintillator detector. Its key feature is an excellent energy resolution of at least $3\%$ at 1 MeV, for which its instruments need to meet a certain quality and thus have to be fully characterized. More than 20,000 20-inch PMTs have been received and assessed by JUNO after a detailed testing program which began in 2017 and elapsed for about four years. Based on this mass characterization and a set of specific requirements, a good quality of all accepted PMTs could be ascertained. This paper presents the performed testing procedure with the designed testing systems as well as the statistical characteristics of all 20-inch PMTs intended to be used in the JUNO experiment, covering more than fifteen performance parameters including the photocathode uniformity. This constitutes the largest sample of 20-inch PMTs ever produced and studied in detail to date, i.e. 15,000 of the newly developed 20-inch MCP-PMTs from Northern Night Vision Technology Co. (NNVT) and 5000 of dynode PMTs from Hamamatsu Photonics K. K.(HPK).}, cin = {IKP-2}, ddc = {530}, cid = {I:(DE-Juel1)IKP-2-20111104}, pnm = {612 - Cosmic Matter in the Laboratory (POF4-612)}, pid = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-612}, typ = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16}, UT = {WOS:000928220800003}, doi = {10.1140/epjc/s10052-022-11002-8}, url = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/999171}, }