Online First

The training of large language models (LLMs) requires substantial computational resources, complex software stacks, and carefully designed workflows to achieve scalability and efficiency. This poster presents best practices and insights gained from the training of open, multilingual LLMs optimized for European languages. [...]

230Th/234U chronometry on micro-scale particles is an emerging capability in nuclear safeguards that enables verification of past and present activities at nuclear facilities for consistency with national and international declarations. The implementation of 230Th/234U chronometry by large-geometry secondary ion mass spectrometry (LG-SIMS) requires well-characterised reference materials to quantify inter-element fractionation (Th/U relative sensitivity factor, RSF) at relevant abundance levels. [...]