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Within the field of halide perovskites, trap-assisted recombination is often considered to be synonymous with first-order recombination, that is, recombinationthat scales linearly with the charge-carrier concentration. However, the standard Shockley-Read-Hall statistics naturally predict that trap-assisted recombination can have any scaling between linear and quadratic with carrier density, depending on the position of the trap or defect that enables recombination. [...]

Moisture ingress is a key factor in the degradation of photovoltaic module components. This study employs near-infrared absorption spectroscopy to nondestructively quantify water uptake in backsheets and encapsulants, using a water index derived from the 1910-1920 nm absorption band. [...]

The degradation of backsheets and encapsulants in photovoltaic (PV) modules compromises their long-term performance and reliability. This study investigates the use of a compact near-infrared (NIR) spectrometer for high-throughput field diagnostics of PV materials. [...]

Healthy sleep is a fundamental pillar of various neurophysio-logical, emotional, and cognitive processes, including emotionregulation, memory consolidation, and brain waste clearance [1–3]. Sleep quality is a multidimensional concept that has beenwidely assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)[4, 5]. [...]