Online First

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe emerging field of Cancer Neuroscience suggests intense structural and functional connections between gliomas and the CNS, leading to large-scale network alterations. Resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) offers the option to evaluate functional connectivity (FC) within this complex network. [...]

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe present study investigated the prognostic relevance of O-(2-[18F]fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine (FET) PET parameters in newly diagnosed IDH-wildtype glioblastoma.METHODSFifty patients with newly diagnosed and histomolecularly characterized glioblastoma according to the WHO 2021 classification who had undergone FET PET imaging prior to diagnostic biopsy or surgery and subsequent postoperative radiotherapy with concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide (n=36) or temozolomide plus lomustine (n=14) were retrospectively analyzed. The nnUNet-based JuST_BrainPET tool was used for segmentation of the FET PET tumor volume based on a tumor-to-brain ratio (TBR) of ≥1.6 [...]

AbstractBACKGROUNDPositron emission tomography (PET) is increasingly used in patients with brain tumors, yet its adoption varies across institutions.METHODSTo assess the current landscape, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) – Brain Tumour Group (BTG) sites between June 2024 and August 2024.RESULTSOut of the 312 sites invited, 103 replies from 20 countries in the Europe/Middle East region were received. PET availability was reported by 96/103 (93.2%) sites, of whom 74 reported PET use in patients with brain tumors. [...]

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn recurrent glioblastomas, changes in areas of contrast enhancement and the T2/fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) signal on conventional MRI represent the mainstay for local therapy planning. Nevertheless, compared to conventional MRI, the information on the tumor burden obtained from amino acid PET may be considerably different in terms of volumetric assessment and spatial orientation.METHODSAt suspected recurrence, 56 patients with histomolecularly characterized glioblastoma underwent O-(2-[18F]-fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine (FET) PET and MR imaging including contrast-enhanced and FLAIR sequences. [...]

AbstractBACKGROUNDWe evaluated the amino acid PET-based response assessment criteria (PET RANO 1.0) for their ability to predict longer overall survival (OS) in patients with glioblastoma treated with bevacizumab-based regimens at relapse.PATIENTS AND METHODSThirty-eight adult patients with IDH-wildtype glioblastoma were identified from three previously published studies. All patients (i) received bevacizumab in combination with a second agent (irinotecan, lomustine, or nivolumab), (ii) underwent MRI- and O-(2-[18F]fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine (FET) PET imaging at baseline and at a median time of 8 weeks (range, 4-12 weeks) after treatment initiation, and (iii) had available PET-derived parameters, i.e., metabolic tumor volume (MTV), maximum and mean tumor-to-brain ratios (TBRmax and TBRmean). [...]

AbstractBACKGROUNDArtificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping neuro-oncology research and clinical practice. This abstract summarizes key findings from a peer-reviewed review article (accepted, The Lancet Digital Health), which maps AI applications across the neuro-oncological care trajectory and critically examines major opportunities, challenges, and future directions.METHODSWe searched PubMed, ArXiv, and Google Scholar using comprehensive MeSH term-based search strings (e.g., “glioma,” “machine learning,”, “foundation model,” “omics”) from 1/1/2020–12/7/2024. [...]

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe efficacy of vorasidenib as maintenance therapy after completion of standard of care remains unclear. The VIGOR trial will investigate the efficacy of adding vorasidenib as maintenance therapy after completion of standard radiochemotherapy in patients with astrocytoma, IDH-mutant, WHO grade 2 or 3.MATERIAL AND METHODSVIGOR is a comparative, randomized (1:1), triple-blinded, multicentre phase III superiority trial. [...]

AbstractBACKGROUNDGlioblastoma is the most common malignant brain tumor, with rapid proliferation, diffuse infiltration, and poor prognosis. Imaging plays a central role in its diagnosis, treatment planning, and disease monitoring. [...]