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Long-term road network planning requires thorough prognoses of the network utilization as it is responsible for the future performance of the transport system and binds a considerable share of national household budgets. The Federal Transport Infrastructure Plan (Bundesverkehrswegeplan) outlines long-term planning for transportation infrastructure in Germany [...]

This study presents a phenomenon in photovoltaic field installations we call voltage ear. PV installations exhibit the voltage ear under specific conditions where modules generate more power than the inverter can handle. [...]