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Optineurin is an autophagy receptor that plays an important role in the selective degradation of mitochondria, protein aggregates, and intracellular pathogens. It recognizes ubiquitylated cargo by its ubiquitin-binding in ABIN and NEMO (UBAN) domain and recruits the autophagic machinery through its LC3-interacting region (LIR) domain. [...]

A cryogenic scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) approach for analyzing thick biological specimens expands the reach of cryo-electron microscopy.In the past decade, structure determination and visualization of biological macromolecules by cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) has become one of the most popular tools in structural biology1. The power of cryo-EM has relied on the capabilities of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), which involves image formation in the microscope through electromagnetic lenses followed by comprehensive single-particle image processing. [...]

Many membrane proteins, including G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), are susceptible to denaturation when extracted from their native membrane by detergents. Therefore, alternative methods have been developed, including amphiphilic copolymers that enable the direct extraction of functional membrane proteins along with their surrounding lipids. [...]