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@ARTICLE{Karaca:1008451,
      author       = {Karaca, Ali and Galkina, Irina and Sohn, Yoo Jung and
                      Wippermann, Klaus and Scheepers, Fabian and Glüsen, Andreas
                      and Shviro, Meital and Müller, Martin and Carmo, Marcelo
                      and Stolten, Detlef},
      title        = {{S}elf-{S}tanding, {U}ltrasonic {S}pray-{D}eposited
                      {M}embranes for {F}uel {C}ells},
      journal      = {Membranes},
      volume       = {13},
      number       = {5},
      issn         = {2077-0375},
      address      = {Basel},
      publisher    = {MDPI},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2023-02351},
      pages        = {522 -},
      year         = {2023},
      abstract     = {The polymer electrolyte membrane and its contact with
                      electrodes has a significant effect on the performance of
                      fuel and electrolysis cells but the choice of commercially
                      available membranes is limited. In this study, membranes for
                      direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) were made by ultrasonic
                      spray deposition from commercial Nafion solution; the effect
                      of the drying temperature and presence of high boiling
                      solvents on the membrane properties was then analyzed. When
                      choosing suitable conditions, membranes with similar
                      conductivity, water uptake, and higher crystallinity than
                      comparable commercial membranes can be obtained. These show
                      similar or superior performance in DMFC operation compared
                      to commercial Nafion 115. Furthermore, they exhibit low
                      permeability for hydrogen, which makes them attractive for
                      electrolysis or hydrogen fuel cells. The findings from our
                      work will allow for the adjustment of membrane properties to
                      the specific requirements of fuel cells or water
                      electrolysis, as well as the inclusion of additional
                      functional components for composite membranes.},
      cin          = {IEK-14 / IEK-1 / IEK-3},
      ddc          = {570},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-14-20191129 / I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-1-20101013 /
                      I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-3-20101013},
      pnm          = {1231 - Electrochemistry for Hydrogen (POF4-123) / 1111 -
                      Effective System Transformation Pathways (POF4-111)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1231 / G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1111},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000997249200001},
      doi          = {10.3390/membranes13050522},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1008451},
}