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@ARTICLE{Auffarth:1008906,
      author       = {Auffarth, Sebastian and Wagner, Maximilian and Krieger,
                      Anja and Fritsch, Birk and Hager, Linus and Hutzler, Andreas
                      and Böhm, Thomas and Thiele, Simon and Kerres, Jochen},
      title        = {{N}anophase-{S}eparated {B}lock-co-{P}olymers {B}ased on
                      {P}hosphonated {P}entafluorostyrene and {O}ctylstyrene for
                      {P}roton-{E}xchange {M}embranes},
      journal      = {ACS materials letters},
      volume       = {5},
      issn         = {2639-4979},
      address      = {Washington, DC},
      publisher    = {ACS Publications},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2023-02545},
      pages        = {2039 - 2046},
      year         = {2023},
      abstract     = {Nanophase separation into hydrophobic and hydrophilic
                      domains in commercial perfluorosulfonic acid polymers
                      promotes high conductivity by forming proton-conductive
                      channels within a matrix. To transfer this beneficial phase
                      separation to phosphonic acid functionalized ionomers, we
                      combine phosphonated polypentafluorostyrene and flexible
                      polyoctylstyrene in a di-block-co-polymer. We introduce a
                      stepwise approach, including mesophase simulations,
                      synthesis, and spectroscopic imaging. After the required
                      block lengths were calculated, controlled radical
                      polymerization led to a narrowly distributed
                      block-co-polymer. The respective block-co-polymer membrane
                      outperforms a phosphonated pentafluorostyrene blend
                      concerning conductivity and water uptake. Stained membrane
                      cross-sections revealed bicontinuous nanophase separation in
                      the 13 to 25 nm range in transmission electron microscopy.
                      The ion-conducting phosphonated polymer block assembled into
                      an isotropic, three-dimensional gyroidal network across the
                      membrane. Our stepwise approach is transferable toward other
                      block-co-polymer systems featuring different monomers or
                      functional groups. Applying the proposed principles allows
                      for the prediction of structure-related phase separation
                      while reducing the amount of synthesis work.},
      cin          = {IEK-11},
      ddc          = {540},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-11-20140314},
      pnm          = {1232 - Power-based Fuels and Chemicals (POF4-123)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1232},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:001016545300001},
      doi          = {10.1021/acsmaterialslett.3c00569},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1008906},
}