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@ARTICLE{MoralesGregorio:1009715,
      author       = {Morales-Gregorio, Aitor and Kurth, Anno C. and Ito, Junji
                      and Kleinjohann, Alexander and Barthélemy, Frédéric V.
                      and Brochier, Thomas and Grün, Sonja and van Albada, Sacha
                      J.},
      title        = {{N}eural manifolds in {V}1 change with top-down signals
                      from {V}4 targeting the foveal region},
      publisher    = {bioRxiv},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2023-02947},
      year         = {2023},
      abstract     = {High-dimensional brain activity is often organised into
                      lower-dimensional neural manifolds. However, the neural
                      manifolds of the visual cortex remain understudied. Here, we
                      study large-scale multielectrode electrophysiological
                      recordings of macaque (Macaca mulatta) areas V1, V4 and DP
                      with a high spatio-temporal resolution. We find, for the
                      first time, that the population activity of V1 contains two
                      separate neural manifolds, which correlate strongly with eye
                      closure (eyes open/closed) and have distinct
                      dimensionalities. Moreover, we find strong top-down signals
                      from V4 to V1, particularly to the foveal region of V1,
                      which are significantly stronger during the eyes-open
                      periods, a previously unknown effect. Finally, in silico
                      simulations of a balanced spiking neuron network
                      qualitatively reproduce the experimental findings. Taken
                      together, our analyses and simulations suggest that top-down
                      signals modulate the population activity of V1, causing two
                      distinct neural manifolds. We postulate that the top-down
                      modulation during the eyes-open periods prepares V1 for fast
                      and efficient visual responses, resulting in a type of
                      visual stand-by mode.},
      cin          = {INM-6 / IAS-6 / INM-10},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-6-20090406 / I:(DE-Juel1)IAS-6-20130828 /
                      I:(DE-Juel1)INM-10-20170113},
      pnm          = {5231 - Neuroscientific Foundations (POF4-523) / HBP SGA3 -
                      Human Brain Project Specific Grant Agreement 3 (945539) /
                      GRK 2416 - GRK 2416: MultiSenses-MultiScales: Neue Ansätze
                      zur Aufklärung neuronaler multisensorischer Integration
                      (368482240) / DFG project 347572269 - Heterogenität von
                      Zytoarchitektur, Chemoarchitektur und Konnektivität in
                      einem großskaligen Computermodell der menschlichen
                      Großhirnrinde (347572269)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5231 / G:(EU-Grant)945539 /
                      G:(GEPRIS)368482240 / G:(GEPRIS)347572269},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)25},
      doi          = {10.1101/2023.06.14.544966},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1009715},
}