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| Home > Publications database > Battery Packs: Design, architecture and evolving trends in electric vehicle energy storage systems |
| Home > Publications database > Battery Packs: Design, architecture and evolving trends in electric vehicle energy storage systems |
| Talk (non-conference) (Other) | FZJ-2025-05583 |
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2025
Abstract: Battery technology is an integral component of today's electrified system and renewable energy integration, playing a pivotal role in applications such as electric and hybrid vehicles, portable electronic devices, and stationary power storage. The battery pack is an integrated assembly of electrochemical cells arranged in a specific configuration to provide the desired voltage, current, and energy. This presentation will explore the fundamentals, architecture, and design considerations of battery packs, as well as the most recent innovations that are shaping the future of electric vehicle energy storage system. This presentation will address two critical questions: How do battery pack architecture and design choice affect performance, safety and longevity? What are the current and emerging trends shaping battery pack technology?At its core, battery packs contain cells grouped into modules that are then assembled into packs. These components can be configured in various series and parallel arrangements. This presentation will discuss how this arrangement determines the total pack voltage, rate capability and capacity. The design of a battery pack involves selecting the right type of cells (size and format), arranging them in a suitable configuration and incorporating safety features to prevent potential hazards, such as explosions and fires. Therefore, this presentation clearly and concisely covers key considerations in battery pack design including the various cell forms and their unique trade-offs in terms of energy density, cooling efficiency and mechanical stability. In ensuring battery control, safety and extending battery life, the role of the battery management system (BMS) in monitoring, protecting and balancing is discussed. Emphasis is laid on active and passive balancing with respect to efficiency, cost and complexity.Finally, this presentation will address current and future trends, such as battery swapping, combination of different battery chemistries and innovative cell-to-pack and cell-to-vehicle designs. These designs are aimed at simplifying design process by reducing unnecessary mass and increasing energy density.
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