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@INPROCEEDINGS{Jerome:1049799,
      author       = {Jerome, Gbenga and Raijmakers, Luc and Eichel, Rüdiger-A.},
      title        = {{B}attery {P}acks: {D}esign, architecture and evolving
                      trends in electric vehicle energy storage systems},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2025-05583},
      year         = {2025},
      abstract     = {Battery technology is an integral component of today's
                      electrified system and renewable energy integration, playing
                      a pivotal role in applications such as electric and hybrid
                      vehicles, portable electronic devices, and stationary power
                      storage. The battery pack is an integrated assembly of
                      electrochemical cells arranged in a specific configuration
                      to provide the desired voltage, current, and energy. This
                      presentation will explore the fundamentals, architecture,
                      and design considerations of battery packs, as well as the
                      most recent innovations that are shaping the future of
                      electric vehicle energy storage system. This presentation
                      will address two critical questions: How do battery pack
                      architecture and design choice affect performance, safety
                      and longevity? What are the current and emerging trends
                      shaping battery pack technology?At its core, battery packs
                      contain cells grouped into modules that are then assembled
                      into packs. These components can be configured in various
                      series and parallel arrangements. This presentation will
                      discuss how this arrangement determines the total pack
                      voltage, rate capability and capacity. The design of a
                      battery pack involves selecting the right type of cells
                      (size and format), arranging them in a suitable
                      configuration and incorporating safety features to prevent
                      potential hazards, such as explosions and fires. Therefore,
                      this presentation clearly and concisely covers key
                      considerations in battery pack design including the various
                      cell forms and their unique trade-offs in terms of energy
                      density, cooling efficiency and mechanical stability. In
                      ensuring battery control, safety and extending battery life,
                      the role of the battery management system (BMS) in
                      monitoring, protecting and balancing is discussed. Emphasis
                      is laid on active and passive balancing with respect to
                      efficiency, cost and complexity.Finally, this presentation
                      will address current and future trends, such as battery
                      swapping, combination of different battery chemistries and
                      innovative cell-to-pack and cell-to-vehicle designs. These
                      designs are aimed at simplifying design process by reducing
                      unnecessary mass and increasing energy density.},
      month         = {Sep},
      date          = {2025-09-01},
      organization  = {Electrochemistry Day, Eindhoven
                       (Netherlands), 1 Sep 2025 - 2 Sep 2025},
      subtyp        = {Other},
      cin          = {IET-1},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IET-1-20110218},
      pnm          = {1223 - Batteries in Application (POF4-122)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1223},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)31},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1049799},
}