Journal Article FZJ-2026-01128

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Spatial Confinement Induced by Bimetallic Phosphides Heterostructure Toward Stable Sodium Storage Materials

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2025
Wiley-VCH Weinheim

Advanced energy materials 15(42), e04025 () [10.1002/aenm.202504025]

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Abstract: Tin phosphide (Sn4P3) has emerged as a promising anode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) owing to its high theoretical capacity and favorable redox potential. However, unstable Sn0 intermediates and Sn0/Na3P interfaces formed upon (de)sodiation severely compromise its reversibility and stability. Herein, heterostructure configurations of Sn4P3/MPx (M = Mn, Fe, Cu, etc.) enclosed inside conductive graphene sheets (G) have been proposed and fabricated. The in situ formed M0 intermediates during sodiation exhibit strong adsorption energies on Sn0, which offer enhanced spatial confinement to mitigate particle agglomeration and volumetric expansion of Sn0. The bimetallic phosphide heterostructures further promote charge transfer and ion diffusion kinetics by establishing built-in electric fields and optimized Na+ migration pathways. As a result, Sn4P3/MPx@G anodes exhibit superb sodium storage performance. Especially, the optimized Sn4P3/CuP2@G can deliver a high initial Coulombic efficiency of 90.9%, high cyclic Coulombic efficiencies (>99.5%), and ultralong cycleability (3500 cycles with 429.5 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1). When paired with a Na3V2(PO4)3 cathode, the full cell combines a high energy density of 213.6 Wh kg−1 and an excellent capacity retention of 98% after 500 cycles. This work elucidates the (de)sodiation mechanisms of bimetallic phosphides and offers new insights into the development of advanced SIBs.

Keyword(s): Energy (1st) ; Materials Science (2nd)

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Contributing Institute(s):
  1. Grundlagen der Elektrochemie (IET-1)
Research Program(s):
  1. 1223 - Batteries in Application (POF4-122) (POF4-122)
  2. HITEC - Helmholtz Interdisciplinary Doctoral Training in Energy and Climate Research (HITEC) (HITEC-20170406) (HITEC-20170406)

Appears in the scientific report 2025; 2025
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Medline ; Clarivate Analytics Master Journal List ; Current Contents - Engineering, Computing and Technology ; Current Contents - Physical, Chemical and Earth Sciences ; DEAL Wiley ; Ebsco Academic Search ; Essential Science Indicators ; IF >= 25 ; JCR ; SCOPUS ; Science Citation Index Expanded ; Web of Science Core Collection
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 Record created 2026-01-27, last modified 2026-02-23


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