Journal Article

The global signal (GS) in resting-state functional MRI (fMRI), known to contain artifacts and non-neuronal physiological signals, also contains important neural information related to individual state and trait characteristics. Here, we show distinct linear and curvilinear relationships between GS topography and age in a cross-sectional sample of individuals (6-85 years old) representing a significant portion of the lifespan. [...]

Moral, risky, and ambiguous decision-making are likely to be characterized by common and distinct cognitive processes and thus show partly overlapping neural correlates. Previously, two different analysis approaches have been used to assess the neural correlates in all three domains: (a) comparing general engagement in an experimental task versus a control task (task engagement) or (b) comparing actual opposite choices made during the experimental task (choice response). [...]

Resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) is widely used to predict phenotypic traits in individuals. Large sample sizes can significantly improve prediction accuracies. [...]

Individualized phenotypic prediction based on structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an important goal in neuroscience. Prediction performance increases with larger samples, but small-scale datasets with fewer than 200 participants are often unavoidable. [...]

An increasing number of research fields must expect that their projects will be classified as susceptible to misuse or otherwise security relevant, even if the reasons or criteria for this classification have not yet been uniformly developed. Research institutions will commonly distribute the obligation to predict and prevent misuse across multiple members and structures including ethics committees. [...]

The prediction of the chronological age of a deceased individual at time of death can provide important information in case of unidentified bodies. The methodological possibilities in these cases depend on the availability of tissues, whereby bones are preserved for a long time due to their mineralization under normal environmental conditions. [...]

Schizophrenia is a prototypical network disorder with widespread brain-morphological alterations, yet it remains unclear whether these distributed alterations robustly reflect the underlying network layout. We tested whether large-scale structural alterations in schizophrenia relate to normative structural and functional connectome architecture, and systematically evaluated robustness and generalizability of these network-level alterations. [...]

The successful operation of airborne and space-based spectrometers in recent years holds the promise to map solar-induced fluorescence (SIF) accurately across the globe. Machine learning (ML) can play an important role in this effort, but its application to SIF retrieval methods is in part hindered by the need for time-consuming radiative transfer modelling to account for atmospheric effects. [...]