% IMPORTANT: The following is UTF-8 encoded.  This means that in the presence
% of non-ASCII characters, it will not work with BibTeX 0.99 or older.
% Instead, you should use an up-to-date BibTeX implementation like “bibtex8” or
% “biber”.

@INPROCEEDINGS{Usman:1053159,
      author       = {Usman, Khalid and Memis, Ceren and Lennartz, Manfred and
                      Grunwald, Dirk and Hidehiro, Iida and Scheins, Jürgen and
                      Shah, Jon and Ziemons, Karl and Tellmann, Lutz and Meurer,
                      Tobias and Lohmann, Philipp and Herzog, Hans and Wiesmann,
                      Martin and Lerche, Christoph},
      title        = {{D}esign and {C}onstruction of a {G}eometrical and {H}ead
                      {P}hantom with {I}nternal {C}arotid {I}nserts for {F}low
                      {S}imulation in {I}mage-{D}erived {I}nput {F}unction with
                      3{T} and 7{T} {MR}-{B}rainpet {I}nsert {S}tudies.},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2026-01491},
      year         = {2025},
      abstract     = {Purpose: Quantitative brain studies with positron emission
                      tomography (PET) often require an arterial input function
                      (AIF), which traditionally requires arterial cannulation.
                      However, this is invasive. An alternative, non-invasive
                      method is to use the image-derived input function (IDIF)
                      derived from the activity concentration in the internal
                      carotid arteries (ICAs) in the images. To achieve an
                      accurate IDIF, validation and optimization of IDIF
                      estimations using phantoms with controlled methodological
                      parameters are required. The goal of this study was to
                      develop: 1) a geometrical phantom with ICA inserts as a
                      reliable baseline for IDIF studies, and 2) an
                      anthropomorphic head phantom with realistic anatomical
                      features to enhance IDIF accuracy and expand validation
                      applications.Methods: Phantom 1) was based on a combination
                      of a cylindrical quality-control phantom already available
                      in our institute [1] and an additional ICA insert [2].
                      Phantom 2), based on previous work [3], replicates the human
                      head contour and brain anatomy. Segmentation of grey matter
                      (GM), white matter (WM), and scalp was performed using 3D
                      Slicer v5.4.0, combining manual and semi-automatic threshold
                      methods. ICA structures were extracted from magnetic
                      resonance angiography data and refined using CAD software.
                      The GM, WM, and ICA compartments were designed as fillable
                      hollow compartments.Results: Both 3D-printed phantoms
                      include watertight compartments capable of holding different
                      radiotracer concentrations and ICA dynamic simulations. The
                      neck structure of the head phantom is extended to facilitate
                      secure attachment to mechanical holders, enabling precise
                      motion simulations during PET/MR studies.Conclusion: The
                      cylindrical phantom with an ICA insert is currently in the
                      printing phase and the head phantom is in the final
                      development phase (equivalent tissue materials and printing
                      tests). After successfully printing both phantoms, PET/MR
                      acquisitions will be performed for testing and validation.
                      The updated status of this work will be presented during the
                      conference.},
      month         = {Jul},
      date          = {2025-07-27},
      organization  = {American Association of Physicists in
                       Medicine, Washington (USA), 27 Jul 2025
                       - 30 Jul 2025},
      subtyp        = {Invited},
      cin          = {INM-4},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-4-20090406},
      pnm          = {5253 - Neuroimaging (POF4-525)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5253},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)24},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1053159},
}