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001055047 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1140/epje/s10189-026-00561-3
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001055047 1001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)201210$$aRudani, Binny A.$$b0
001055047 245__ $$aHydrophilicity controls thermodiffusion in alkylammonium chlorides
001055047 260__ $$aHeidelberg$$bSpringer$$c2026
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001055047 520__ $$aIn this study, we examine the Soret effect of ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) and its alkyl-substitutedderivatives: dimethylammonium chloride (DMACl), ethylammonium chloride (EACl), and trimethylammoniumchloride (TMACl) in aqueous solution using infrared thermal diffusion forced Rayleigh scattering.The Soret coefficient, ST, increases systematically with alkyl substitution, following the trend NH4Cl <<DMACl < EACl << TMACl, while hydrophilicity decreases correspondingly. Across the investigated temperaturerange (15−45◦C) and concentrations (1–4 mol/kg), ST increases with both temperature andthe degree of alkyl substitution. However, the concentration dependence varies among the salts. DMACl,EACl, and TMACl exhibit decreasing ST with increasing concentration and are predominantly thermophobic;TMACl remains thermophobic under all conditions. In contrast, NH4Cl shows a non-monotonicconcentration dependence above 35◦C and is largely thermophilic. We discuss the origin of this minimumat elevated temperatures in relation to other aqueous salt systems that exhibit non-monotonic behaviorof ST with respect to concentration. Overall, each additional alkyl substitution decreases the temperaturesensitivity of the Soret coefficient, ΔST(ΔT), consistent with reduced solute hydrophilicity. Furthermore,we observe a clear correlation between the thermal diffusion coefficient and the thermal expansion coefficientin these aqueous electrolyte solutions. This is consistent with the trends reported for nonpolar organicmixtures and aqueous solutions of non-ionic solutes. These findings highlight thermodiffusion as a sensitiveprobe for understanding
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001055047 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)130773$$aKriegs, Hartmut$$b1
001055047 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)131034$$aWiegand, Simone$$b2$$eCorresponding author
001055047 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)2004003-9$$a10.1140/epje/s10189-026-00561-3$$gVol. 49, no. 3, p. 17$$n3$$p17$$tThe European physical journal / E$$v49$$x1292-8941$$y2026
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