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@ARTICLE{Rudani:1055047,
      author       = {Rudani, Binny A. and Kriegs, Hartmut and Wiegand, Simone},
      title        = {{H}ydrophilicity controls thermodiffusion in alkylammonium
                      chlorides},
      journal      = {The European physical journal / E},
      volume       = {49},
      number       = {3},
      issn         = {1292-8941},
      address      = {Heidelberg},
      publisher    = {Springer},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2026-01839},
      pages        = {17},
      year         = {2026},
      abstract     = {In this study, we examine the Soret effect of ammonium
                      chloride (NH4Cl) and its alkyl-substitutedderivatives:
                      dimethylammonium chloride (DMACl), ethylammonium chloride
                      (EACl), and trimethylammoniumchloride (TMACl) in aqueous
                      solution using infrared thermal diffusion forced Rayleigh
                      scattering.The Soret coefficient, ST, increases
                      systematically with alkyl substitution, following the trend
                      NH4Cl <<DMACl < EACl << TMACl, while hydrophilicity
                      decreases correspondingly. Across the investigated
                      temperaturerange (15−45◦C) and concentrations (1–4
                      mol/kg), ST increases with both temperature andthe degree of
                      alkyl substitution. However, the concentration dependence
                      varies among the salts. DMACl,EACl, and TMACl exhibit
                      decreasing ST with increasing concentration and are
                      predominantly thermophobic;TMACl remains thermophobic under
                      all conditions. In contrast, NH4Cl shows a
                      non-monotonicconcentration dependence above 35◦C and is
                      largely thermophilic. We discuss the origin of this
                      minimumat elevated temperatures in relation to other aqueous
                      salt systems that exhibit non-monotonic behaviorof ST with
                      respect to concentration. Overall, each additional alkyl
                      substitution decreases the temperaturesensitivity of the
                      Soret coefficient, ΔST(ΔT), consistent with reduced solute
                      hydrophilicity. Furthermore,we observe a clear correlation
                      between the thermal diffusion coefficient and the thermal
                      expansion coefficientin these aqueous electrolyte solutions.
                      This is consistent with the trends reported for nonpolar
                      organicmixtures and aqueous solutions of non-ionic solutes.
                      These findings highlight thermodiffusion as a sensitiveprobe
                      for understanding},
      cin          = {IBI-4},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBI-4-20200312},
      pnm          = {5241 - Molecular Information Processing in Cellular Systems
                      (POF4-524)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5241},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      doi          = {10.1140/epje/s10189-026-00561-3},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1055047},
}