Journal Article

FZJ-2026-05452

http://join2-wiki.gsi.de/foswiki/pub/Main/Artwork/join2_logo100x88.png Measuring gait space: new dimensions for crowd flow

Thompson, P. (Corresponding author) ; Geoerg, P. ; Xie, H. ; Wings, C.FZJ* ; Chatagnon, T.FZJ*

2026
Elsevier New York, NY [u.a.]

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Please use a persistent id in citations: doi:10.1016/j.firesaf.2026.104740

Abstract: Widely used microscopic crowd movement models often rely on simplified movement data, or calibrated ‘social force’ approaches to simulate evacuations, without including validated data or processes to model lateral movements. This often necessitates limiting flows with basic, long-established ‘macroscopic’ data. This study begins to address this gap by processing pedestrian trajectories for different corridor width experiments (0.9-1.2 m) to derive step events, vectors, relative lateral relationships, and forward speeds.Lateral-offset frequency distributions, inter-personal spacing, and individual velocities are calculated. Two distinct walking modes are defined: 'direct ahead' and 'fully offset' gait conditions. The lateral offset distances significantly influence headway, indicating that interpersonal spacing is inherently multi-dimensional, as pedestrians seek to achieve the required ‘gait space’ for safe, comfortable walking. Even in narrow corridors (0.9 m), pedestrians strongly prefer laterally-offset walking to avoid leg movement impediments, sometimes twisting their torsos to maintain this mode in close proximity to a wall.We highlight the need for crowd movement models to incorporate 'gait space' parameters, including discrete walking modes, lateral positioning relationships, and additional demographic considerations. The use of lateral ‘gait space’ units of 0.35 m for constrained geometries is suggested for future simulations and fire safety exit design.

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Contributing Institute(s):

1. Zivile Sicherheitsforschung (IAS-7)

Research Program(s):

1. 5111 - Domain-Specific Simulation & Data Life Cycle Labs (SDLs) and Research Groups (POF4-511) (POF4-511)
2. DFG project G:(GEPRIS)548103776 - Individuelle Bewegungsanpassung und Verletzungspotential in Fußgängerströmen hoher Dichte (548103776) (548103776)

Appears in the scientific report 2026

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Database coverage:
; Clarivate Analytics Master Journal List ; Current Contents - Engineering, Computing and Technology ; Ebsco Academic Search ; Essential Science Indicators ; IF < 5 ; JCR ; SCOPUS ; Science Citation Index Expanded ; Web of Science Core Collection

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