000014820 001__ 14820 000014820 005__ 20210129210614.0 000014820 0247_ $$2pmid$$apmid:21483767 000014820 0247_ $$2pmc$$apmc:PMC3069966 000014820 0247_ $$2DOI$$a10.1371/journal.pone.0018451 000014820 0247_ $$2WOS$$aWOS:000289058300017 000014820 0247_ $$2Handle$$a2128/11180 000014820 0247_ $$2altmetric$$aaltmetric:213141 000014820 037__ $$aPreJuSER-14820 000014820 041__ $$aeng 000014820 082__ $$a500 000014820 084__ $$2WoS$$aBiology 000014820 1001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)VDB53458$$aCaspers, S.$$b0$$uFZJ 000014820 245__ $$aMoral concepts set decision strategies to abstract values 000014820 260__ $$aLawrence, Kan.$$bPLoS$$c2011 000014820 300__ $$ae18451 000014820 3367_ $$0PUB:(DE-HGF)16$$2PUB:(DE-HGF)$$aJournal Article 000014820 3367_ $$2DataCite$$aOutput Types/Journal article 000014820 3367_ $$00$$2EndNote$$aJournal Article 000014820 3367_ $$2BibTeX$$aARTICLE 000014820 3367_ $$2ORCID$$aJOURNAL_ARTICLE 000014820 3367_ $$2DRIVER$$aarticle 000014820 440_0 $$018181$$aPLOS One$$v6$$x1932-6203$$y4 000014820 500__ $$aThis work was supported by the Initiative and Networking Fund of the Helmholtz Association within the Helmholtz Alliance on Systems Biology (Human Brain Model; KZ), the Helmholtz Alliance for Mental Health in an Aging Society (HelMA; KZ, KA), and a grant of the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research ('Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung', BMBF; No: 01GW0613; KA). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. 000014820 520__ $$aPersons have different value preferences. Neuroimaging studies where value-based decisions in actual conflict situations were investigated suggest an important role of prefrontal and cingulate brain regions. General preferences, however, reflect a superordinate moral concept independent of actual situations as proposed in psychological and socioeconomic research. Here, the specific brain response would be influenced by abstract value systems and moral concepts. The neurobiological mechanisms underlying such responses are largely unknown. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with a forced-choice paradigm on word pairs representing abstract values, we show that the brain handles such decisions depending on the person's superordinate moral concept. Persons with a predominant collectivistic (altruistic) value system applied a "balancing and weighing" strategy, recruiting brain regions of rostral inferior and intraparietal, and midcingulate and frontal cortex. Conversely, subjects with mainly individualistic (egocentric) value preferences applied a "fight-and-flight" strategy by recruiting the left amygdala. Finally, if subjects experience a value conflict when rejecting an alternative congruent to their own predominant value preference, comparable brain regions are activated as found in actual moral dilemma situations, i.e., midcingulate and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Our results demonstrate that superordinate moral concepts influence the strategy and the neural mechanisms in decision processes, independent of actual situations, showing that decisions are based on general neural principles. These findings provide a novel perspective to future sociological and economic research as well as to the analysis of social relations by focusing on abstract value systems as triggers of specific brain responses. 000014820 536__ $$0G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK409$$2G:(DE-HGF)$$aFunktion und Dysfunktion des Nervensystems (FUEK409)$$cFUEK409$$x0 000014820 536__ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF2-89571$$a89571 - Connectivity and Activity (POF2-89571)$$cPOF2-89571$$fPOF II T$$x1 000014820 588__ $$aDataset connected to Web of Science, Pubmed 000014820 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aAdult 000014820 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aBehavior: ethics 000014820 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aBehavior: physiology 000014820 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aBrain: physiology 000014820 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aDecision Making: ethics 000014820 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aDecision Making: physiology 000014820 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aFemale 000014820 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aHumans 000014820 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aIntelligence: physiology 000014820 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aMagnetic Resonance Imaging 000014820 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aMale 000014820 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aMorals 000014820 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aPersonality: physiology 000014820 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aSocial Values 000014820 650_7 $$2WoSType$$aJ 000014820 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)VDB33807$$aHeim, S.$$b1$$uFZJ 000014820 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aLucas, M.G.$$b2 000014820 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aStephan, E.$$b3 000014820 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aFischer, L.$$b4 000014820 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)131631$$aAmunts, K.$$b5$$uFZJ 000014820 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)131714$$aZilles, K.$$b6$$uFZJ 000014820 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)2267670-3$$a10.1371/journal.pone.0018451$$gVol. 6, p. e18451$$pe18451$$q6<e18451$$tPLoS one$$v6$$x1932-6203$$y2011 000014820 8567_ $$2Pubmed Central$$uhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3069966 000014820 8564_ $$uhttps://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/14820/files/journal.pone.0018451.pdf$$yOpenAccess 000014820 8564_ $$uhttps://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/14820/files/journal.pone.0018451.gif?subformat=icon$$xicon$$yOpenAccess 000014820 8564_ $$uhttps://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/14820/files/journal.pone.0018451.jpg?subformat=icon-180$$xicon-180$$yOpenAccess 000014820 8564_ $$uhttps://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/14820/files/journal.pone.0018451.jpg?subformat=icon-700$$xicon-700$$yOpenAccess 000014820 8564_ $$uhttps://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/14820/files/journal.pone.0018451.pdf?subformat=pdfa$$xpdfa$$yOpenAccess 000014820 909CO $$ooai:juser.fz-juelich.de:14820$$pdnbdelivery$$pVDB$$pdriver$$popen_access$$popenaire 000014820 9141_ $$y2011 000014820 915__ $$0LIC:(DE-HGF)CCBY3$$2HGFVOC$$aCreative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 000014820 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0510$$2StatID$$aOpenAccess 000014820 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0010$$aJCR/ISI refereed 000014820 9132_ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF3-571$$1G:(DE-HGF)POF3-570$$2G:(DE-HGF)POF3-500$$aDE-HGF$$bKey Technologies$$lDecoding the Human Brain$$vConnectivity and Activity$$x0 000014820 9131_ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF2-89571$$1G:(DE-HGF)POF3-890$$2G:(DE-HGF)POF3-800$$3G:(DE-HGF)POF3$$4G:(DE-HGF)POF$$aDE-HGF$$bProgrammungebundene Forschung$$lohne Programm$$vConnectivity and Activity$$x1 000014820 9201_ $$0I:(DE-Juel1)INM-2-20090406$$gINM$$kINM-2$$lMolekulare Organisation des Gehirns$$x0 000014820 9201_ $$0I:(DE-Juel1)INM-1-20090406$$gINM$$kINM-1$$lStrukturelle und funktionelle Organisation des Gehirns$$x1 000014820 970__ $$aVDB:(DE-Juel1)127265 000014820 980__ $$aVDB 000014820 980__ $$aConvertedRecord 000014820 980__ $$ajournal 000014820 980__ $$aI:(DE-Juel1)INM-2-20090406 000014820 980__ $$aI:(DE-Juel1)INM-1-20090406 000014820 980__ $$aUNRESTRICTED 000014820 9801_ $$aFullTexts 000014820 981__ $$aI:(DE-Juel1)INM-1-20090406