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@ARTICLE{Kleiner:173120,
      author       = {Kleiner, Karin and Dixon, Ditty and Jakes, Peter and Melke,
                      Julia and Yavuz, Murat and Roth, Christina and Nikolowski,
                      Kristian and Liebau, Verena and Ehrenberg, Helmut},
      title        = {{F}atigue of {L}i{N}i$_{0.8}$
                      {C}o$_{0.15}${A}l$_{0.05}${O}$_{2}$ in commercial {L}i ion
                      batteries},
      journal      = {Journal of power sources},
      volume       = {273},
      issn         = {0378-7753},
      address      = {New York, NY [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2014-06533},
      pages        = {70 - 82},
      year         = {2015},
      abstract     = {The degradation of LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 (LNCAO), a cathode
                      material in lithium-ion-batteries, was studied using in situ
                      powder diffraction and in situ Ni K edge X-ray absorption
                      spectroscopy (XAS). The fatigued material was taken from a 7
                      Ah battery which was cycled for 34 weeks under defined
                      durability conditions. Meanwhile, a cell was stored, as
                      reference, under controlled conditions without
                      electrochemical treatment. The fatigued LNCAO used in this
                      study showed a capacity loss of $26\%$ ± $9\%$ compared to
                      the non-cycled material. During charge and discharge the
                      local and the overall structure of LNCAO was investigated by
                      X-ray near edge structure (XANES) analysis, the extended
                      X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) analysis and by
                      using Rietveld refinement of in situ powder diffraction
                      patterns. Both powder diffraction and XAS revealed
                      additional, rhombohedral phases which do not change with
                      electrochemical cycling. Moreover, a phase with the lattice
                      parameters of fully lithiated LNCAO was still present in the
                      fatigued material at high potentials, while it was absent in
                      the non-fatigued reference material. The coexistence of
                      these phases is described by domains within the LNCAO
                      particles, in correlation with the observed fatigue.},
      cin          = {IEK-9},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-9-20110218},
      pnm          = {135 - Fuel Cells (POF3-135)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-135},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000345725700008},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.08.133},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/173120},
}