Computer simulation of pedestrian dynamics at high densities

Eilhardt, Christian

Dissertation / PhD Thesis/Book

FZJ-2015-02743

Computer simulation of pedestrian dynamics at high densities

Eilhardt, C. (Corresponding Author)FZJ*

2015
Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Zentralbibliothek, Verlag Jülich
ISBN: 978-3-95806-032-6

Jülich : Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Zentralbibliothek, Verlag, Schriften des Forschungszentrums Jülich. IAS Series 29, viii, 142 S. (2015) = Universität Köln, Diss., 2014

Please use a persistent id in citations: http://hdl.handle.net/2128/8625 urn:nbn:de:0001-2015020502

Abstract: The increasing importance and magnitude of large-scale events in our society calls for continuous research in the field of pedestrian dynamics. This dissertation investigates the dynamics of pedestrian motion at high densities using computer simulations of stochastic models. The first part discusses the successful application of the Floor Field Cellular Automaton (FFCA) in an evacuation assistant that performs faster than real-time evacuation simulations of up to 50,000 persons leaving a multi-purpose arena. A new interpretation of the matrix of preference improves the realism of the FFCA simulation in U-turns, for instance at the entrance to the stands. The focus of the second part is the experimentally observed feature of phase separation in pedestrian dynamics into a slow-moving and a completely jammed phase. This kind of phase separation is fundamentally different to known instances of phase separation in e.g. vehicular traffic. Different approaches to modeling the phase separation are discussed and an investigation of both established and new models of pedestrian dynamics illustrates the difficulties of finding a model able to reproduce the phenomenon. The Stochastic Headway Dependent Velocity Model is introduced and extensively analyzed, simulations of the model evolve into a phase-separated state in accordance with the experimental data. Key components of the model are its slow-tostart rule, minimum velocity, and large interaction range.

Keyword(s): Dissertation

Note: Universität Köln, Diss., 2014

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