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@ARTICLE{Seyfried:56454,
      author       = {Seyfried, A. and Passon, O. and Steffen, B. and Boltes, M.
                      and Rupprecht, T. and Klingsch, W.},
      title        = {{N}ew {I}nsights into {P}edestrian {F}low {T}hrough
                      {B}ottlenecks},
      journal      = {Transportation science},
      volume       = {43},
      issn         = {0041-1655},
      address      = {Hanover, Md.},
      publisher    = {INFORMS},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-56454},
      pages        = {395 - 406},
      year         = {2009},
      note         = {Record converted from VDB: 12.11.2012},
      abstract     = {Capacity estimation is an important tool for the design and
                      dimensioning of pedestrian facilities. The literature
                      contains different procedures and specifications that show
                      considerable differences with respect to the estimated flow
                      values. Moreover, new experimental data indicate a stepwise
                      growth of capacity with width and thus challenge the
                      validity of the specific flow concept. To resolve these
                      differences, we experimentally studied the unidirectional
                      pedestrian flow through bottlenecks under laboratory
                      conditions. The time development of quantities such as
                      individual velocities, density, and individual time gaps in
                      bottlenecks of different widths is presented. The data show
                      a linear growth of flow with width. The comparison of the
                      results with experimental data from other authors indicates
                      that the basic assumption of the capacity estimation for
                      bottlenecks has to be revised. In contrast to most planning
                      guidelines, our main result is that a jam occurs even if the
                      incoming flow does not overstep the capacity defined by the
                      maximum flow according to the fundamental diagram.},
      keywords     = {J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {JSC},
      ddc          = {380},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)JSC-20090406},
      pnm          = {Scientific Computing},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK411},
      shelfmark    = {Operations Research $\&$ Management Science /
                      Transportation / Transportation Science $\&$ Technology},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000269317800009},
      doi          = {10.1287/trsc.1090.0263},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/56454},
}