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@ARTICLE{Krisch:841712,
      author       = {Krisch, Isabell and Preusse, Peter and Ungermann, Jörn and
                      Dörnbrack, Andreas and Eckermann, Stephen D. and Ern,
                      Manfred and Friedl-Vallon, Felix and Kaufmann, Martin and
                      Oelhaf, Hermann and Rapp, Markus and Strube, Cornelia and
                      Riese, Martin},
      title        = {{F}irst tomographic observations of gravity waves by the
                      infrared limb imager {GLORIA}},
      journal      = {Atmospheric chemistry and physics},
      volume       = {17},
      number       = {24},
      issn         = {1680-7324},
      address      = {Katlenburg-Lindau},
      publisher    = {EGU},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2018-00020},
      pages        = {14937 - 14953},
      year         = {2017},
      abstract     = {Atmospheric gravity waves are a major cause of uncertainty
                      in atmosphere general circulation models. This uncertainty
                      affects regional climate projections and seasonal weather
                      predictions. Improving the representation of gravity waves
                      in general circulation models is therefore of primary
                      interest. In this regard, measurements providing an accurate
                      3-D characterization of gravity waves are needed. Using the
                      Gimballed Limb Observer for Radiance Imaging of the
                      Atmosphere (GLORIA), the first airborne implementation of a
                      novel infrared limb imaging technique, a gravity wave event
                      over Iceland was observed. An air volume disturbed by this
                      gravity wave was investigated from different angles by
                      encircling the volume with a closed flight pattern. Using a
                      tomographic retrieval approach, the measurements of this air
                      mass at different angles allowed for a 3-D reconstruction of
                      the temperature and trace gas structure. The temperature
                      measurements were used to derive gravity wave amplitudes,
                      3-D wave vectors, and direction-resolved momentum fluxes.
                      These parameters facilitated the backtracing of the waves to
                      their sources on the southern coast of Iceland. Two wave
                      packets are distinguished, one stemming from the main
                      mountain ridge in the south of Iceland and the other from
                      the smaller mountains in the north. The total
                      area-integrated fluxes of these two wave packets are
                      determined. Forward ray tracing reveals that the waves
                      propagate laterally more than 2000 km away from their
                      source region. A comparison of a 3-D ray-tracing version to
                      solely column-based propagation showed that lateral
                      propagation can help the waves to avoid critical layers and
                      propagate to higher altitudes. Thus, the implementation of
                      oblique gravity wave propagation into general circulation
                      models may improve their predictive skills.},
      cin          = {IEK-7 / JARA-HPC},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-7-20101013 / $I:(DE-82)080012_20140620$},
      pnm          = {244 - Composition and dynamics of the upper troposphere and
                      middle atmosphere (POF3-244) / HITEC - Helmholtz
                      Interdisciplinary Doctoral Training in Energy and Climate
                      Research (HITEC) (HITEC-20170406) / Tomographic retrievals
                      of temperature and trace gasses from GLORIA measurements
                      $(jiek72_20160501)$},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-244 / G:(DE-Juel1)HITEC-20170406 /
                      $G:(DE-Juel1)jiek72_20160501$},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000418198000004},
      doi          = {10.5194/acp-17-14937-2017},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/841712},
}