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@ARTICLE{Alexander:842401,
      author       = {Alexander, M. J. and Grimsdell, A. W. and Stephan, C. C.
                      and Hoffmann, L.},
      title        = {{MJO}-{R}elated {I}ntraseasonal {V}ariation in the
                      {S}tratosphere: {G}ravity {W}aves and {Z}onal {W}inds},
      journal      = {Journal of geophysical research / Atmospheres},
      volume       = {123},
      number       = {2},
      issn         = {2169-897X},
      address      = {Hoboken, NJ},
      publisher    = {Wiley},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2018-00637},
      pages        = {775–788},
      year         = {2018},
      abstract     = {Previous work has shown eastward migrating regions of
                      enhanced temperature variance due to long-vertical
                      wavelength stratospheric gravity waves that are in sync with
                      intraseasonal precipitation and tropopause wind anomalies
                      associated with the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO). Here
                      the origin of these intraseasonal gravity wave variations is
                      investigated with a set of idealized gravity wave-resolving
                      model experiments. The experiments specifically test whether
                      tropopause winds act to control gravity wave propagation
                      into the stratosphere by a critical level filtering
                      mechanism or play a role in gravity wave generation through
                      an obstacle source effect. All experiments use identical
                      convective latent heating variability, but the large-scale
                      horizontal wind profile is varied to investigate
                      relationships between stratospheric gravity waves and zonal
                      winds at different levels. Results show that the observed
                      long vertical wavelength gravity waves are primarily
                      sensitive to stratospheric zonal wind variations, while
                      tropopause wind variations have only a very small effect.
                      Thus, neither the critical level filter mechanism nor the
                      obstacle source play much of a role in the observed
                      intraseasonal gravity wave variations. Instead, the results
                      suggest that the stratospheric waves follow the MJO
                      precipitation sources, and tropopause wind anomalies follow
                      the same sources. We further find evidence of intraseasonal
                      wave drag effectson the stratospheric circulation in
                      reanalyzed winds. The results suggest that waves drive
                      intraseasonal stratospheric zonal wind anomalies that
                      descend in altitude with increasing MJO phases 3 through 7.
                      Eastward anomalies descend farther than westward, suggesting
                      that MJO-related stratospheric wavescause larger eastward
                      drag forces.},
      cin          = {JSC},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)JSC-20090406},
      pnm          = {511 - Computational Science and Mathematical Methods
                      (POF3-511)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-511},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000425520200010},
      doi          = {10.1002/2017JD027620},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/842401},
}