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@ARTICLE{Agostini:842909,
      author       = {Agostini, Alejandro and Alenyà, Guillem and Fischbach,
                      Andreas and Scharr, Hanno and Wörgötter, Florentin and
                      Torras, Carme},
      title        = {{A} cognitive architecture for automatic gardening},
      journal      = {Computers and electronics in agriculture},
      volume       = {138},
      issn         = {0168-1699},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2018-01082},
      pages        = {69 - 79},
      year         = {2017},
      abstract     = {In large industrial greenhouses, plants are usually treated
                      following well established protocols for watering,
                      nutrients, and shading/light. While this is practical for
                      the automation of the process, it does not tap the full
                      potential for optimal plant treatment. To more efficiently
                      grow plants, specific treatments according to the plant
                      individual needs should be applied. Experienced human
                      gardeners are very good at treating plants individually.
                      Unfortunately, hiring a crew of gardeners to carry out this
                      task in large greenhouses is not cost effective. In this
                      work we present a cognitive system that integrates
                      artificial intelligence (AI) techniques for decision-making
                      with robotics techniques for sensing and acting to
                      autonomously treat plants using a real-robot platform.
                      Artificial intelligence techniques are used to decide the
                      amount of water and nutrients each plant needs according to
                      the history of the plant. Robotic techniques for sensing
                      measure plant attributes (e.g. leaves) from visual
                      information using 3D model representations. These attributes
                      are used by the AI system to make decisions about the
                      treatment to apply. Acting techniques execute robot
                      movements to supply the plants with the specified amount of
                      water and nutrients.},
      cin          = {IBG-2},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-2-20101118},
      pnm          = {582 - Plant Science (POF3-582)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-582},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000402360200008},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.compag.2017.04.015},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/842909},
}