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@ARTICLE{Zhao:844863,
      author       = {Zhao, Defeng and Schmitt, Sebastian H. and Wang, Mingjin
                      and Acir, Ismail-Hakki and Tillmann, Ralf and Tan, Zhaofeng
                      and Novelli, Anna and Fuchs, Hendrik and Pullinen, Iida and
                      Wegener, Robert and Rohrer, Franz and Wildt, Jürgen and
                      Kiendler-Scharr, Astrid and Wahner, Andreas and Mentel,
                      Thomas F.},
      title        = {{E}ffects of {NO}$_{x}$ and {SO}$_{2}$ on the secondary
                      organic aerosol formation from photooxidation of
                      \<i\>α\</i\>-pinene and limonene},
      journal      = {Atmospheric chemistry and physics},
      volume       = {18},
      number       = {3},
      issn         = {1680-7324},
      address      = {Katlenburg-Lindau},
      publisher    = {EGU},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2018-02214},
      pages        = {1611 - 1628},
      year         = {2018},
      abstract     = {Anthropogenic emissions such as NOxand SO2influence the
                      biogenic secondary organic aerosol (SOA) for-mation, but
                      detailed mechanisms and effects are still elusive.We studied
                      the effects of NOxand SO2on the SOA for-mation from the
                      photooxidation ofα-pinene and limoneneat ambient relevant
                      NOxand SO2concentrations (NOx:< 1to 20 ppb, SO2: < 0.05 to
                      15 ppb). In these experiments,monoterpene oxidation was
                      dominated by OH oxidation. Wefound that SO2induced
                      nucleation and enhanced SOA massformation. NOxstrongly
                      suppressed not only new particleformation but also SOA mass
                      yield. However, in the presenceof SO2which induced a high
                      number concentration of parti-cles after oxidation to H2SO4,
                      the suppression of the massyield of SOA by NOxwas completely
                      or partly compen-sated for. This indicates that the
                      suppression of SOA yieldby NOxwas largely due to the
                      suppressed new particle for-mation, leading to a lack of
                      particle surface for the organ-ics to condense on and thus a
                      significant influence of vaporwall loss on SOA mass yield.
                      By compensating for the sup-pressing effect on nucleation of
                      NOx, SO2also compensatedfor the suppressing effect on SOA
                      yield. Aerosol mass spec-trometer data show that increasing
                      NOxenhanced nitrate for-mation. The majority of the nitrate
                      was organic nitrate (57–77 $\%),$ even in
                      low-NOxconditions (<∼1 ppb). Organic ni-trate contributed
                      7–26 $\%$ of total organics assuming a molec-ular weight
                      of 200 g mol−1. SOA fromα-pinene photooxida-tion at high
                      NOxhad a generally lower hydrogen to carbonratio (H/C),
                      compared to low NOx. The NOxdependenceof the chemical
                      composition can be attributed to the NOxde-pendence of the
                      branching ratio of the RO2loss reactions,leading to a lower
                      fraction of organic hydroperoxides andhigher fractions of
                      organic nitrates at high NOx. While NOxsuppressed new
                      particle formation and SOA mass formation,SO2can compensate
                      for such effects, and the combining ef-fect of SO2and NOxmay
                      have an important influence onSOA formation affected by
                      interactions of biogenic volatileorganic compounds (VOCs)
                      with anthropogenic emissions},
      cin          = {IEK-8},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-8-20101013},
      pnm          = {243 - Tropospheric trace substances and their
                      transformation processes (POF3-243)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-243},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000424122600003},
      doi          = {10.5194/acp-18-1611-2018},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/844863},
}