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@ARTICLE{Zhang:845382,
      author       = {Zhang, Yanli and Mack, Daniel Emil and Mauer, Georg and
                      Vaßen, Robert},
      title        = {{L}aser {C}ladding of {E}mbedded {S}ensors for {T}hermal
                      {B}arrier {C}oating {A}pplications},
      journal      = {Coatings},
      volume       = {8},
      number       = {5},
      issn         = {2079-6412},
      address      = {Basel},
      publisher    = {MDPI},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2018-02656},
      pages        = {176 -},
      year         = {2018},
      abstract     = {The accurate real-time monitoring of surface or internal
                      temperatures of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) in hostile
                      environments presents significant benefits to the efficient
                      and safe operation of gas turbines. A new method for
                      fabricating high-temperature K-type thermocouple sensors on
                      gas turbine engines using coaxial laser cladding technology
                      has been developed. The deposition of the thermocouple
                      sensors was optimized to provide minimal intrusive features
                      to the TBC, which is beneficial for the operational
                      reliability of the protective coatings. Notably, this avoids
                      a melt pool on the TBC surface. Sensors were deposited onto
                      standard yttria-stabilized zirconia (7–8 wt $\%$ YSZ)
                      coated substrates; subsequently, they were embedded with
                      second YSZ layers by the Atmospheric Plasma Spray (APS)
                      process. Morphology of cladded thermocouples before and
                      after embedding was optimized in terms of topography and
                      internal homogeneity, respectively. The dimensions of the
                      cladded thermocouple were in the order of 200 microns in
                      thickness and width. The thermal and electrical response of
                      the cladded thermocouple was tested before and after
                      embedding in temperatures ranging from ambient to
                      approximately 450 °C in a furnace. Seebeck coefficients of
                      bared and embedded thermocouples were also calculated
                      correspondingly, and the results were compared to that of a
                      commercial standard K-type thermocouple, which demonstrates
                      that laser cladding is a prospective technology for
                      manufacturing microsensors on the surface of or even
                      embedded into functional coatings.},
      cin          = {IEK-1},
      ddc          = {660},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-1-20101013},
      pnm          = {113 - Methods and Concepts for Material Development
                      (POF3-113)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-113},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000435192400025},
      doi          = {10.3390/coatings8050176},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/845382},
}