000851322 001__ 851322 000851322 005__ 20240711101508.0 000851322 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.3390/en11092214 000851322 0247_ $$2Handle$$a2128/19644 000851322 0247_ $$2WOS$$aWOS:000446604500035 000851322 0247_ $$2altmetric$$aaltmetric:47072923 000851322 037__ $$aFZJ-2018-05008 000851322 041__ $$aEnglish 000851322 082__ $$a620 000851322 1001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)165816$$aLin, Yu$$b0$$eCorresponding author 000851322 245__ $$aIn Operando Neutron Radiography Analysis of a High-Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Based on a Phosphoric Acid-Doped Polybenzimidazole Membrane Using the Hydrogen-Deuterium Contrast Method 000851322 260__ $$aBasel$$bMDPI$$c2018 000851322 3367_ $$2DRIVER$$aarticle 000851322 3367_ $$2DataCite$$aOutput Types/Journal article 000851322 3367_ $$0PUB:(DE-HGF)16$$2PUB:(DE-HGF)$$aJournal Article$$bjournal$$mjournal$$s1536307285_13494 000851322 3367_ $$2BibTeX$$aARTICLE 000851322 3367_ $$2ORCID$$aJOURNAL_ARTICLE 000851322 3367_ $$00$$2EndNote$$aJournal Article 000851322 520__ $$aIn order to characterize high temperature polymer electrolyte fuel cells (HT-PEFCs) in operando, neutron radiography imaging, in combination with the deuterium contrast method, was used to analyze the hydrogen distribution and proton exchange processes in operando. These measurements were then combined with the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements. The cell was operated under different current densities and stoichiometries. Neutron images of the active area of the cell were captured in order to study the changeover times when the fuel supply was switched between hydrogen and deuterium, as well as to analyze the cell during steady state conditions. This work demonstrates that the changeover from proton to deuteron (and vice versa) leads to local varying media distributions in the electrolyte, independent of the overall exchange dynamics. A faster proton-to-deuteron exchange was re-discovered when switching the gas supply from H<sub>2</sub> to D<sub>2</sub> than that from D<sub>2</sub> to H<sub>2</sub>. Furthermore, the D<sub>2</sub> uptake and discharge were faster at a higher current density. Specifically, the changeover from H to D takes 5–6 min at 200 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>, 2–3 min at 400 mA cm<sup>−2</sup> and 1–2 min at 600 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>. 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