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@ARTICLE{Lin:851322,
      author       = {Lin, Yu and Arlt, Tobias and Kardjilov, Nikolay and Manke,
                      Ingo and Lehnert, Werner},
      title        = {{I}n {O}perando {N}eutron {R}adiography {A}nalysis of a
                      {H}igh-{T}emperature {P}olymer {E}lectrolyte {F}uel {C}ell
                      {B}ased on a {P}hosphoric {A}cid-{D}oped {P}olybenzimidazole
                      {M}embrane {U}sing the {H}ydrogen-{D}euterium {C}ontrast
                      {M}ethod},
      journal      = {Energies},
      volume       = {11},
      number       = {9},
      issn         = {1996-1073},
      address      = {Basel},
      publisher    = {MDPI},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2018-05008},
      pages        = {2214},
      year         = {2018},
      abstract     = {In order to characterize high temperature polymer
                      electrolyte fuel cells (HT-PEFCs) in operando, neutron
                      radiography imaging, in combination with the deuterium
                      contrast method, was used to analyze the hydrogen
                      distribution and proton exchange processes in operando.
                      These measurements were then combined with the
                      electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements. The
                      cell was operated under different current densities and
                      stoichiometries. Neutron images of the active area of the
                      cell were captured in order to study the changeover times
                      when the fuel supply was switched between hydrogen and
                      deuterium, as well as to analyze the cell during steady
                      state conditions. This work demonstrates that the changeover
                      from proton to deuteron (and vice versa) leads to local
                      varying media distributions in the electrolyte, independent
                      of the overall exchange dynamics. A faster
                      proton-to-deuteron exchange was re-discovered when switching
                      the gas supply from H<sub>2</sub> to D<sub>2</sub> than that
                      from D<sub>2</sub> to H<sub>2</sub>. Furthermore, the
                      D<sub>2</sub> uptake and discharge were faster at a higher
                      current density. Specifically, the changeover from H to D
                      takes 5–6 min at 200 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>, 2–3 min at
                      400 mA cm<sup>−2</sup> and 1–2 min at 600 mA
                      cm<sup>−2</sup>. An effect on the transmittance changes is
                      apparent when the stoichiometry changes},
      cin          = {IEK-3},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-3-20101013},
      pnm          = {135 - Fuel Cells (POF3-135)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-135},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000446604500035},
      doi          = {10.3390/en11092214},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/851322},
}