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@ARTICLE{Reinhart:860741,
      author       = {Reinhart, Michael and Kreter, A. and Unterberg, B. and
                      Rasinski, M. and Linsmeier, Ch.},
      title        = {{D}iffusion model of the impact of helium and argon
                      impurities on deuterium retention in tungsten},
      journal      = {Nuclear fusion},
      volume       = {59},
      number       = {4},
      issn         = {1741-4326},
      address      = {Vienna},
      publisher    = {IAEA},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2019-01405},
      pages        = {046004 -},
      year         = {2019},
      abstract     = {The influence of helium and argon impurities on the
                      deuterium retention in tungsten is investigated by a
                      numerical diffusion model, which treats diffusing depth
                      profiles for deuterium and helium or argon in tungsten,
                      taking into account the suggested effects of helium or
                      argon. With helium, a helium nanobubble layer builds up at
                      the surface of the sample, with depths higher than the
                      penetration depth of the incident helium and deuterium ions.
                      The nanobubbles form a porous network, which allows the
                      release of trapped deuterium by surface recombination and
                      diffusion through the pores to the surface. For argon, only
                      a shallow layer of argon-induced defects exists, which also
                      act as trapping sites for deuterium. A number of experiments
                      with tungsten samples were conducted at the linear plasma
                      device PSI-2 in support of the model. Helium and argon were
                      admixed to deuterium plasma in ratios of up to $8\%$ for
                      otherwise similar exposure conditions. In addition, a
                      variation of ion fluences was performed for investigation of
                      the onset and evolution of the effects of impurities. The
                      model shows that the influence on the deuterium retention
                      both for helium nanobubbles as well as for argon-induced
                      defects depends strongly on the ratio between the thickness
                      of the helium- or argon-affected layer and the penetration
                      depth of deuterium ions.},
      cin          = {IEK-4},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-4-20101013},
      pnm          = {174 - Plasma-Wall-Interaction (POF3-174)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-174},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000457845500001},
      doi          = {10.1088/1741-4326/aafe8d},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/860741},
}