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@ARTICLE{Worthoff:861571,
      author       = {Worthoff, Wieland A. and Shymanskaya, Aliaksandra and Shah,
                      N. J.},
      title        = {{R}elaxometry and quantification in simultaneously acquired
                      single and triple quantum filtered sodium {MRI}},
      journal      = {Magnetic resonance in medicine},
      volume       = {81},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {0740-3194},
      address      = {New York, NY [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Wiley-Liss},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2019-02022},
      pages        = {303 - 315},
      year         = {2019},
      abstract     = {PurposeSodium imaging delivers valuable information about
                      in vivo metabolism and pathophysiology. Image quantification
                      can benefit the diagnosis and characterization of existing
                      pathologies and the clinical course of a disease. An
                      enhanced SISTINA sequence is proposed for sodium imaging and
                      for the estimation of sodium tissue parameters for a
                      2‐compartment model of the brain, such as relaxation times
                      in intracellular space and tissue, intracellular volume
                      fraction, and intracellular molar fraction. The aim of the
                      research is to demonstrate how a 2‐compartment model can
                      be parameterized to sufficiently describe tissue sodium
                      concentrations and dynamics by performing relaxometry with
                      such a sequence.MethodsMultiple quantum filtered sodium
                      signals were detected using an enhanced SISTINA sequence
                      (consisting of 3 consecutive RF pulses) by placing a readout
                      train between the first and second RF pulse, and 1 after the
                      third pulse. Semiautomatic segmentation using singular value
                      decomposition and manual segmentation was applied to the
                      images.ResultsAnalysis was performed on 40 healthy
                      volunteers in a 4T scanner, yielding bi‐exponential
                      relaxation times of brain tissue, intracellular sodium molar
                      and volume fraction, intracellular sodium concentration, as
                      well as sodium tissue concentration in the scope of a
                      considered model. Two models with either purely
                      mono‐exponential or bi‐exponential relaxing
                      extracellular sodium were used with and without a potential
                      contribution of triple quantum‐filtered signal from
                      extracellular space.ConclusionAn estimation of relaxation
                      properties and concentrations limited to the assumed model
                      is possible from a single sequence. The achieved results
                      agree well with those reported in literature.},
      cin          = {INM-11 / INM-4 / JARA-BRAIN},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-11-20170113 / I:(DE-Juel1)INM-4-20090406 /
                      $I:(DE-82)080010_20140620$},
      pnm          = {573 - Neuroimaging (POF3-573)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-573},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:30058202},
      UT           = {WOS:000454009000023},
      doi          = {10.1002/mrm.27387},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/861571},
}