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100 | 1 | _ | |a Mertens, Philippe |0 P:(DE-Juel1)4596 |b 0 |e Corresponding author |
245 | _ | _ | |a On the use of rhodium mirrors for optical diagnostics in ITER |
260 | _ | _ | |a New York, NY [u.a.] |c 2019 |b Elsevier |
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520 | _ | _ | |a The first mirrors of optical diagnostics in ITER are exposed to high radiation and fluxes of particles which escape the plasma, in the order of $10^{20} m^{−2}s^{−1}$. At the position of the mirror, the flux may still reach about $10^{18} m^{−2}s^{−1}$. First mirrors are thus the most vulnerable in-vessel optical components, being subject to erosion, esp. by fast charge-exchange neutrals, or to deposition of impurities at flux rates which can reach 0.05 nm/s. The material selected for the reflecting surface must combine a high optical reflectivity in a wide spectral range and a sufficient resistance to physical sputtering during normal operation and during mirror cleaning discharges, if any is installed. Rhodium ($^{103}Rh$) was identified early as a possible or even promising candidate. It combines several attractive properties, for instance a mass which leads in most cases to low sputtering yields together with an optical reflectance ($\mathscr{R}_{Rh}≈75\%$) which is much higher than of some other options. $\mathscr{R}_{Rh}$is insensitive to large temperature changes. Rhodium is fairly inert and its low oxidation is an appreciable advantage in case of steam ingress events.The core-plasma CXRS diagnostic in ITER (UPP 3) have now turned to Rh as a baseline. The aim is to procure monocrystalline rhodium (SC-Rh) to mitigate the increase of the diffuse reflection with the damage due to physical sputtering. |
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773 | _ | _ | |a 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2019.04.031 |g p. S0920379619305654 |0 PERI:(DE-600)1492280-0 |n B |p 2514-2518 |t Fusion engineering and design |v 146 |y 2019 |x 0920-3796 |
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