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@ARTICLE{Schupsky:875237,
      author       = {Schupsky, Jan Peter and Guo, Muxing and Blanpain, Bart and
                      Müller, Michael},
      title        = {{T}he {I}mpact of {S}ample {H}omogeneity, {C}rucible
                      {M}aterial, and {O}xygen {P}artial {P}ressure on the
                      {C}rystallization of {F}e-{R}ich {O}xidic {S}lag in {CLSM}
                      {E}xperiments},
      journal      = {Journal of sustainable metallurgy},
      volume       = {6},
      issn         = {2199-3831},
      address      = {Heidelberg},
      publisher    = {Springer},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-01886},
      pages        = {216–226},
      year         = {2020},
      abstract     = {Crystallization tendency and the state of oxidic slags are
                      important influencing factors for slag viscosity and
                      therefore slag tapping. During the gasification process slag
                      is constantly produced and flows down the gasifier walls
                      until it is intercepted and stored for further treatment or
                      a possible valorisation. The kinds of fuel used for
                      gasification lead to different kinds of slag composition
                      likewise. Slag viscosity is strongly influenced by the
                      composition of the slag and the temperature. However, the
                      process of crystallization represents another major
                      influencing factor. Slag crystallization is also affected by
                      several parameters, whose effects need to be considered in
                      experimental studies. This study investigated the impact of
                      the sample state, the chosen crucible material, and the
                      oxygen partial pressure on the crystallization of a Fe-rich
                      oxidic slag in the confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM)
                      experiment. Using sample powder may lead to heterogeneous
                      nucleation and crystallization during heating due to
                      heterogeneous melting of the compounds. The selection of
                      crucible material is crucial to prevent alloy formation of
                      Fe-species with Pt-crucibles under reducing atmosphere.
                      Finally, the partial pressure of oxygen influences the
                      crystallization tendency as well as the morphology of the
                      crystallized phases. These parameters impede the
                      reproducibility of results as well as the comparison with
                      results deriving from other experiments like sample
                      quenching. This contribution provides an enhanced
                      understanding of the stated parameter effects on the
                      experimental investigation of oxidic slags using the CLSM
                      setup and yields advice to prevent experimental influence on
                      the results.},
      cin          = {IEK-2 / IEK-12},
      ddc          = {540},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-2-20101013 / I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-12-20141217},
      pnm          = {113 - Methods and Concepts for Material Development
                      (POF3-113)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-113},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000515726300001},
      doi          = {10.1007/s40831-020-00262-x},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/875237},
}