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@ARTICLE{Grnwald:877477,
      author       = {Grünwald, Nikolas and Lhuissier, Pierre and Salvo, Luc and
                      Villanova, Julie and Menzler, Norbert H. and Guillon,
                      Olivier and Martin, Christophe L. and Vaßen, Robert},
      title        = {{I}n situ investigation of atmospheric plasma-sprayed
                      {M}n–{C}o–{F}e–{O} by synchrotron {X}-ray
                      nano-tomography},
      journal      = {Journal of materials science},
      volume       = {55},
      issn         = {0022-2461},
      address      = {Dordrecht [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Springer Science + Business Media B.V},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-02230},
      pages        = {12725-12736},
      year         = {2020},
      abstract     = {Applying atmospherically plasma-sprayed (APS)
                      Mn1.0Co1.9Fe0.1O4 (MCF) protective coatings on
                      interconnector steels minimized the chromium-related
                      degradation within solid oxide fuel cell stack-tests
                      successfully. Post-test characterization of the coatings
                      disclosed a severe microstructural and phase evolution. A
                      self-healing of micro-cracks, the formation and
                      agglomeration of small pores, the occurrence of a dense
                      spinel layer at the surface and a strong elemental de-mixing
                      were reported in ex situ experiments. In the present
                      publication, we prove for the first time these mechanisms by
                      tracking the microstructure in situ at a single APS coating
                      using synchrotron X-ray nano-tomography at the European
                      Synchrotron Radiation Facility. Therefore, a 100-µm-long
                      cylindrical sample with a diameter of 123 µm was cut from
                      an APS-MCF free-standing layer and measured within a
                      high-temperature furnace. All microstructural changes
                      mentioned above could be verified. Porosity measurements
                      reveal a decrease in the porosity from 9 to $3\%$ during the
                      annealing, which is in good accordance with the literature.
                      Additionally, a partial detachment of an approximately
                      5-µm-thick layer at the sample surface is observed. The
                      layer is dense and does not exhibit any cracks which are
                      penetrating the layer. This kind of shell is assumed to be
                      gastight and thus protecting the bulk from further
                      oxidation.},
      cin          = {IEK-1},
      ddc          = {670},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-1-20101013},
      pnm          = {113 - Methods and Concepts for Material Development
                      (POF3-113) / 135 - Fuel Cells (POF3-135) / SOFC - Solid
                      Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC-20140602)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-113 / G:(DE-HGF)POF3-135 /
                      G:(DE-Juel1)SOFC-20140602},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000541330200001},
      doi          = {10.1007/s10853-020-04916-9},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/877477},
}