000877982 001__ 877982 000877982 005__ 20220930130245.0 000877982 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.06.006 000877982 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a0306-4522 000877982 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a1873-7544 000877982 0247_ $$2Handle$$a2128/27326 000877982 0247_ $$2pmid$$a32540364 000877982 0247_ $$2WOS$$aWOS:000617031000012 000877982 037__ $$aFZJ-2020-02556 000877982 082__ $$a610 000877982 1001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)169634$$aYang, Danqing$$b0$$ufzj 000877982 245__ $$aCholinergic and Adenosinergic Modulation of Synaptic Release 000877982 260__ $$aAmsterdam [u.a.]$$bElsevier Science$$c2021 000877982 3367_ $$2DRIVER$$aarticle 000877982 3367_ $$2DataCite$$aOutput Types/Journal article 000877982 3367_ $$0PUB:(DE-HGF)16$$2PUB:(DE-HGF)$$aJournal Article$$bjournal$$mjournal$$s1615280199_9838 000877982 3367_ $$2BibTeX$$aARTICLE 000877982 3367_ $$2ORCID$$aJOURNAL_ARTICLE 000877982 3367_ $$00$$2EndNote$$aJournal Article 000877982 520__ $$aIn this review we will discuss the effect of two neuromodulatory transmitters, acetylcholine (ACh) and adenosine, on the synaptic release probability and short-term synaptic plasticity. ACh and adenosine differ fundamentally in the way they are released into the extracellular space. ACh is released mostly from synaptic terminals and axonal bouton of cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain. Its mode of action on synaptic release probability is complex because it activate both ligand-gated ion channels, so-called nicotinic ACh receptors and G-protein coupled muscarinic ACh receptors. In contrast, adenosine is released from both neurons and glia via nucleoside transporters or diffusion over the cell membrane in a non-vesicular, non-synaptic fashion; its receptors are exclusively G-protein coupled receptors. We show that ACh and adenosine effects are highly specific for an identified synaptic connection and depend mostly on the presynaptic but also on the postsynaptic receptor type and discuss the functional implications of these differences. 000877982 536__ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF4-899$$a899 - ohne Topic (POF4-899)$$cPOF4-899$$fPOF IV$$x0 000877982 588__ $$aDataset connected to CrossRef 000877982 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)164184$$aDing, Chao$$b1$$ufzj 000877982 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)131702$$aQi, Guanxiao$$b2$$ufzj 000877982 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)131680$$aFeldmeyer, Dirk$$b3$$eCorresponding author$$ufzj 000877982 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)1498423-4$$a10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.06.006$$gp. 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