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@ARTICLE{Glsen:878202,
      author       = {Glüsen, A. and Müller, Martin and Stolten, D.},
      title        = {$45\%$ {C}ell {E}fficiency in {DMFC}s via {P}rocess
                      {E}ngineering},
      journal      = {Fuel cells},
      volume       = {20},
      number       = {4},
      issn         = {1615-6854},
      address      = {Weinheim},
      publisher    = {Wiley-VCH},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-02690},
      pages        = {507-514},
      year         = {2020},
      abstract     = {Methanol is a convenient liquid fuel for fuel cells, but is
                      not converted as efficiently into electrical energy as
                      hydrogen. This is due to the slower reaction of methanol at
                      the anode as well as to methanol permeation.When optimizing
                      the direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) process, methanol
                      concentration and flow rate, current density and air flow
                      rate must also be taken into account. A high methanol
                      concentration facilitates dynamic operation up to high
                      current densities, but also leads to high methanol
                      permeation. The air flow rate must be adjusted so that the
                      cooling effect of evaporating water is balanced by the heat
                      produced in the cell. Therefore, a cell with low permeation
                      must be operated at low air flow rates to achieve
                      autothermal operation at elevated temperatures, which can in
                      turn reduce cell performance. For each current density,
                      there is an optimum amount of methanol feed.In this paper,
                      we show how these effects have to be balanced using
                      air‐flow rates calculated to ensure thermal equilibrium.
                      It is possible to achieve electrical cell efficiencies of up
                      to $44\%$ in a self‐heating DMFC. Another small increase
                      in efficiency can be achieved by using humidified air at the
                      cathode.},
      cin          = {IEK-14 / IEK-3},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-14-20191129 / I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-3-20101013},
      pnm          = {134 - Electrolysis and Hydrogen (POF3-134)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-134},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000563058600014},
      doi          = {10.1002/fuce.201900234},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/878202},
}