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@ARTICLE{Rodenbcher:885819,
      author       = {Rodenbücher, Christian and Bittkau, Karsten and Bihlmayer,
                      Gustav and Wrana, Dominik and Gensch, Thomas and Korte,
                      Carsten and Krok, Franciszek and Szot, Kristof},
      title        = {{M}apping the conducting channels formed along extended
                      defects in {S}r{T}i{O}3 by means of scanning near-field
                      optical microscopy},
      journal      = {Scientific reports},
      volume       = {10},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {2045-2322},
      address      = {[London]},
      publisher    = {Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-04110},
      pages        = {17763},
      year         = {2020},
      abstract     = {Mixed ionic-electronic-conducting perovskites such as
                      SrTiO3 are promising materials to be employed in efficient
                      energy conversion or information processing. These materials
                      exhibit a self-doping effect related to the formation of
                      oxygen vacancies and electronic charge carriers upon
                      reduction. It has been found that dislocations play a
                      prominent role in this self-doping process, serving as easy
                      reduction sites, which result in the formation of conducting
                      filaments along the dislocations. While this effect has been
                      investigated in detail with theoretical calculations and
                      direct observations using local-conductivity atomic force
                      microscopy, the present work highlights the optical
                      properties of dislocations in SrTiO3 single crystals. Using
                      the change in optical absorption upon reduction as an
                      indicator, two well-defined arrangements of dislocations,
                      namely a bicrystal boundary and a slip band induced by
                      mechanical deformation, are investigated by means of
                      scanning near-field optical microscopy. In both cases, the
                      regions with enhanced dislocation density can be clearly
                      identified as regions with higher optical absorption.
                      Assisted by ab initio calculations, confirming that the
                      agglomeration of oxygen vacancies significantly change the
                      local dielectric constants of the material, the results
                      provide direct evidence that reduced dislocations can be
                      classified as alien matter embedded in the SrTiO3 matrix.},
      cin          = {IEK-14 / IEK-5 / PGI-1 / IBI-1},
      ddc          = {600},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-14-20191129 / I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-5-20101013 /
                      I:(DE-Juel1)PGI-1-20110106 / I:(DE-Juel1)IBI-1-20200312},
      pnm          = {135 - Fuel Cells (POF3-135)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-135},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:33082447},
      UT           = {WOS:000585236900022},
      doi          = {10.1038/s41598-020-74645-1},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/885819},
}