% IMPORTANT: The following is UTF-8 encoded.  This means that in the presence
% of non-ASCII characters, it will not work with BibTeX 0.99 or older.
% Instead, you should use an up-to-date BibTeX implementation like “bibtex8” or
% “biber”.

@ARTICLE{Ehosioke:888869,
      author       = {Ehosioke, Solomon and Nguyen, Frédéric and Rao,
                      Sathyanarayan and Kremer, Thomas and Placencia‐Gomez,
                      Edmundo and Huisman, Johan Alexander and Kemna, Andreas and
                      Javaux, Mathieu and Garre, Sarah},
      title        = {{S}ensing the electrical properties of roots: {A} review},
      journal      = {Vadose zone journal},
      volume       = {19},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {1539-1663},
      address      = {Hoboken, NJ},
      publisher    = {Wiley},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-05279},
      pages        = {e20082},
      year         = {2020},
      abstract     = {Thorough knowledge of root system functioning is essential
                      to understand the feedback loops between plants, soil, and
                      climate. In situ characterization of root systems is
                      challenging due to the inaccessibility of roots and the
                      complexity of root zone processes. Electrical methods have
                      been proposed to overcome these difficulties. Electrical
                      conduction and polarization occur in and around roots, but
                      the mechanisms are not yet fully understood. We review the
                      potential and limitations of low‐frequency electrical
                      techniques for root zone investigation, discuss the
                      mechanisms behind electrical conduction and polarization in
                      the soil–root continuum, and address knowledge gaps. A
                      range of electrical methods for root investigation is
                      available. Reported methods using current injection in the
                      plant stem to assess the extension of the root system lack
                      robustness. Multi‐electrode measurements are increasingly
                      used to quantify root zone processes through soil moisture
                      changes. They often neglect the influence of root biomass on
                      the electrical signal, probably because it is yet to be well
                      understood. Recent research highlights the potential of
                      frequency‐dependent impedance measurements. These methods
                      target both surface and volumetric properties by activating
                      and quantifying polarization mechanisms occurring at the
                      root segment and cell scale at specific frequencies. The
                      spectroscopic approach opens up a range of applications.
                      Nevertheless, understanding electrical signatures at the
                      field scale requires significant understanding of
                      small‐scale polarization and conduction mechanisms.
                      Improved mechanistic soil–root electrical models,
                      validated with small‐scale electrical measurements on root
                      systems, are necessary to make further progress in ramping
                      up the precision and accuracy of multi‐electrode
                      tomographic techniques for root zone investigation.},
      cin          = {IBG-3},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118},
      pnm          = {255 - Terrestrial Systems: From Observation to Prediction
                      (POF3-255)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-255},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000618773300075},
      doi          = {10.1002/vzj2.20082},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/888869},
}