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@ARTICLE{Fadnavis:890387,
      author       = {Fadnavis, Suvarna and Müller, Rolf and Chakraborty,
                      Tanusri and Sabin, T. P. and Laakso, Anton and Rap,
                      Alexandru and Griessbach, Sabine and Vernier, Jean-Paul and
                      Tilmes, Simone},
      title        = {{T}he role of tropical volcanic eruptions in exacerbating
                      {I}ndian droughts},
      journal      = {Scientific reports},
      volume       = {11},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {2045-2322},
      address      = {[London]},
      publisher    = {Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-00920},
      pages        = {2714},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {The Indian summer monsoon rainfall (ISMR) is vital for the
                      livelihood of millions of people in the Indianregion;
                      droughts caused by monsoon failures often resulted in
                      famines. Large volcanic eruptions havebeen linked with
                      reductions in ISMR, but the responsible mechanisms remain
                      unclear. Here, using145-year (1871–2016) records of
                      volcanic eruptions and ISMR, we show that ISMR deficits
                      prevailfor two years after moderate and large (VEI > 3)
                      tropical volcanic eruptions; this is not the case
                      forextra-tropical eruptions. Moreover, tropical volcanic
                      eruptions strengthen El Niño and weaken La Niñaconditions,
                      further enhancing Indian droughts. Using climate-model
                      simulations of the 2011 Nabrovolcanic eruption, we show that
                      eruption induced an El Niño like warming in the central
                      Pacific for twoconsecutive years due to Kelvin wave
                      dissipation triggered by the eruption. This El Niño like
                      warmingin the central Pacific led to a precipitation
                      reduction in the Indian region. In addition, solar
                      dimmingcaused by the volcanic plume in 2011 reduced Indian
                      rainfall.},
      cin          = {IEK-7 / JSC},
      ddc          = {600},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-7-20101013 / I:(DE-Juel1)JSC-20090406},
      pnm          = {211 - Die Atmosphäre im globalen Wandel (POF4-211) / 5111
                      - Domain-Specific Simulation $\&$ Data Life Cycle Labs
                      (SDLs) and Research Groups (POF4-511)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-211 / G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5111},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {33526810},
      UT           = {WOS:000617703500012},
      doi          = {10.1038/s41598-021-81566-0},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/890387},
}