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000892489 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1038/s41567-021-01198-z
000892489 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a1745-2473
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000892489 1001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)184637$$aZheng, X.$$b0
000892489 245__ $$aMeasurement of the proton spin structure at long distances
000892489 260__ $$aBasingstoke$$bNature Publishing Group$$c2021
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000892489 520__ $$aMeasuring the spin structure of protons and neutrons tests our understanding of how they arise from quarks and gluons, the fundamental building blocks of nuclear matter. At long distances, the coupling constant of the strong interaction becomes large, requiring non-perturbative methods to calculate quantum chromodynamics processes, such as lattice gauge theory or effective field theories. Here we report proton spin structure measurements from scattering a polarized electron beam off polarized protons. The spin-dependent cross-sections were measured at large distances, corresponding to the region of low momentum transfer squared between 0.012 and 1.0 GeV2. This kinematic range provides unique tests of chiral effective field theory predictions. Our results show that a complete description of the nucleon spin remains elusive, and call for further theoretical works, for example, in lattice quantum chromodynamics. Finally, our data extrapolated to the photon point agree with the Gerasimov–Drell–Hearn sum rule, a fundamental prediction of quantum field theory that relates the anomalous magnetic moment of the proton to its integrated spin-dependent cross-sections.
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000892489 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aDeur, A.$$b1$$eCorresponding author
000892489 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aKang, H.$$b2
000892489 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aKühn, Sebastian Paul$$b3
000892489 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aRipani, M.$$b4
000892489 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)186618$$aZhang, Jiayuan$$b5
000892489 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aAdhikari, K. P.$$b6
000892489 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aAdhikari, S.$$b7
000892489 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aAmaryan, M. J.$$b8
000892489 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aAtac, H.$$b9
000892489 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aAvakian, H.$$b10
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000892489 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aBattaglieri, M.$$b12
000892489 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aBedlinskiy, I.$$b13
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000892489 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aBianconi, A.$$b15
000892489 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aBiselli, A. S.$$b16
000892489 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aBoiarinov, S.$$b17
000892489 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aBondì, M.$$b18
000892489 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aBossù, F.$$b19
000892489 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aBosted, P.$$b20
000892489 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aBriscoe, W. J.$$b21
000892489 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aBrock, J.$$b22
000892489 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aBrooks, W. K.$$b23
000892489 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aBulumulla, D.$$b24
000892489 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aBurkert, V. D.$$b25
000892489 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aCarlin, C.$$b26
000892489 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aCarman, D. S.$$b27
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