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@ARTICLE{Betancourt:894231,
      author       = {Betancourt, Clara and Küppers, Christoph and Piansawan,
                      Tammarat and Sager, Uta and Hoyer, Andrea B. and Kaminski,
                      Heinz and Rapp, Gerhard and John, Astrid C. and Küpper,
                      Miriam and Quass, Ulrich and Kuhlbusch, Thomas and Rudolph,
                      Jochen and Kiendler-Scharr, Astrid and Gensch, Iulia},
      title        = {{F}irewood residential heating – local versus remote
                      influence on the aerosol burden},
      journal      = {Atmospheric chemistry and physics},
      volume       = {21},
      number       = {8},
      issn         = {1680-7324},
      address      = {Katlenburg-Lindau},
      publisher    = {EGU},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-03111},
      pages        = {5953 - 5964},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {We report the first-time use of the Lagrangian particle
                      dispersion model (LPDM) FLEXPART to simulate isotope ratios
                      of the biomass burning tracer levoglucosan. Here, we combine
                      the model results with observed levoglucosan concentrations
                      and δ13C to assess the contribution of local vs. remote
                      emissions from firewood domestic heating to the particulate
                      matter sampled during the cold season at two measurements
                      stations of the Environmental Agency of North
                      Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.For the investigated samples, the
                      simulations indicate that the largest part of the sampled
                      aerosol is 1 to 2 d old and thus originates from local to
                      regional sources. Consequently, ageing, also limited by the
                      reduced photochemical activity in the dark cold season, has
                      a minor influence on the observed levoglucosan concentration
                      and δ13C. The retro plume ages agree well with those
                      derived from observed δ13C (the “isotopic” ages),
                      demonstrating that the limitation of backwards calculations
                      to 7 d for this study does not introduce any significant
                      bias. A linear regression analysis applied to the
                      experimental levoglucosan δ13C vs. the inverse
                      concentration confirms the young age of aerosol. The high
                      variability in the observed δ13C implies that the local
                      levoglucosan emissions are characterized by different
                      isotopic ratios in the range of −26.3 ‰ to
                      −21.3 ‰. These values are in good agreement with
                      previous studies on levoglucosan source-specific isotopic
                      composition in biomass burning aerosol. Comparison between
                      measured and estimated levoglucosan concentrations suggests
                      that emissions are underestimated by a factor of 2 on
                      average. These findings demonstrate that the aerosol burden
                      from home heating in residential areas is not of remote
                      origin. In this work we show that combining Lagrangian
                      modelling with isotope ratios is valuable to obtain
                      additional insight into source apportionment. Error analysis
                      shows that the largest source of uncertainty is limited
                      information on isotope ratios of levoglucosan emissions.
                      Based on the observed low extent of photochemical processing
                      during the cold season, levoglucosan can be used under
                      similar conditions as a conservative tracer without
                      introducing substantial bias.},
      cin          = {JSC / IEK-8},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)JSC-20090406 / I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-8-20101013},
      pnm          = {2111 - Air Quality (POF4-211) / Earth System Data
                      Exploration (ESDE)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-2111 / G:(DE-Juel-1)ESDE},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000642401200002},
      doi          = {10.5194/acp-21-5953-2021},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/894231},
}